Eno2 enolase 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Symbol: Eno2provided by RGD
Full Name: enolase 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2554
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000013141 AllianceGenome:RGD:2554
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: NSE; RNEN3
Summary: Enables enzyme binding activity; identical protein binding activity; and phosphopyruvate hydratase activity. Involved in several processes, including glucose metabolic process; negative regulation of neuron death; and response to estradiol. Located in several cellular components, including growth cone; membrane raft; and synaptic membrane. Part of phosphopyruvate hydratase complex. Biomarker of Parkinsonism; toxic shock syndrome; and visual epilepsy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in prostate cancer. Orthologous to human ENO2 (enolase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Annotation information: Note: LOC100911625 appears to be a duplicate placement of Eno2 (GeneID: 24334) on Rnor_6.0 (Annot. Release 105) that is absent from Rn_Celera and is not supported by syntenic regions in mouse and human. BLAST analysis of the underlying component AABR07066868.1 against the rat genome shows high sequence identity (88% coverage, 99% identity) with part of NC_005103.4 on which Eno2 is annotated. Annotation of Eno2 at this location on Rnor_6.0 is supported by annotation on Rn_Celera and synteny with mouse and human. [14 Apr 2021]
Expression: Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 1706.0) and Uterus (RPKM 89.6) See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q42

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	4	NC_086022.1 (159258371..159267220, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	4	NC_051339.1 (157572085..157580971, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	4	NC_005103.4 (157285192..157294090, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

gamma-enolase may signal and correlate lung tissue damage well before obvious physical pathological tissue damage and might be a candidate diagnostic and/or prognostic marker.
Title: Gamma-enolase predicts lung damage in severe acute pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury.
Study analyzed the regions that regulate the promoter strength and cellular specificity of the 1.8 kb rNSE promoter in the cerebellum in vivo. The rNSE promoter was divided into three regions (A, B, and C). Our results showed that region C was indispensable for the promoter activity in mouse cerebellum and served as an interneuron-predominant basal promoter.
Title: Viral Vector-Based Evaluation of Regulatory Regions in the Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) Promoter in Mouse Cerebellum In Vivo.
Study showed that the NSE promoter was activated in astrocytes, including Bergmann glia (BG), but not Purkinje cells (PCs), in the traumatic region of the cerebellar cortex. This PC to BG switch was associated with local microglial invasion.
Title: Inflammation-induced reversible switch of the neuron-specific enolase promoter from Purkinje neurons to Bergmann glia.
Hyperglycemia may impair mitochondrial function and alter glycolysis in glomerular epithelial cells by down-regulating the expression of ATP synthase beta subunit and enolase 2.
Title: Hyperglycemia decreases the expression of ATP synthase β subunit and enolase 2 in glomerular epithelial cells.
Data show statistically significant altered levels of Tpi1 and alteration of Hk1, Aldoc, Pgam1 and Gapdh with borderline significance in phencyclidine (PCP) rats compared to controls.
Title: The application of selective reaction monitoring confirms dysregulation of glycolysis in a preclinical model of schizophrenia.
NSE and Tau are abundantly expressed in the brain cells and MSC-derived neurocyte-like cells.
Title: Effect of neuronal induction on NSE, Tau, and Oct4 promoter methylation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
The enolase activity, coupled with lactate dehydrogenase, was higher during the light period than that in the dark.
Title: Circadian rhythm of enolase in suprachiasmatic nucleus depends on mitochondrial function.
analysis of neuron-specific enolase expression in irradiated salivary glands of the rat
Title: Expression of neuron-specific enolase in irradiated salivary glands of the rat: a pilot study.
Data suggets that neuregulin-1beta inhibits the activation of MMP-9 and development of inflammation, enhances the activity of NSE, improves the microenvironment of neuron survivals, and delays the phase of irreversible neuron necrosis.
Title: Effects of neuregulin on expression of MMP-9 and NSE in brain of ischemia/reperfusion rat.
Isozymes alpha- and gamma-enolases were identified as targets for cathepsin X.
Title: Cathepsin X cleaves the C-terminal dipeptide of alpha- and gamma-enolase and impairs survival and neuritogenesis of neuronal cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

BE103187 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:244755

d4arb23 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:121909

d4mit1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:120440

UniSTS:142992 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:142992

Eno2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:142992

RH129856 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:213144

D4Got134 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:115110

D1Mgh30 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:239284

D4Mit31 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:240076

D4Wox14 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:117974

D4Wox15 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119269

D4Mit3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240108

Eno2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:506879

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables enzyme binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables magnesium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables phosphopyruvate hydratase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables phosphopyruvate hydratase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables phosphopyruvate hydratase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables phosphopyruvate hydratase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein-containing complex binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in canonical glycolysis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in gluconeogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glycolytic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glycolytic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in multicellular organismal reproductive process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to estradiol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell cortex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cell surface	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in growth cone	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane raft	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in neuronal cell body	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perikaryon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in perikaryon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of phosphopyruvate hydratase complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of phosphopyruvate hydratase complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of phosphopyruvate hydratase complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in photoreceptor inner segment	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in photoreceptor inner segment	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in synaptic membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: gamma-enolase

Names: 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; enolase 2, gamma, neuronal; gamma-enolase-like; neural enolase; neuron-specific enolase

NP_647541.1

EC 4.2.1.11

XP_006237392.1

EC 4.2.1.11

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.