U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Aanat arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 11298, updated on 25-Apr-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
Aanatprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferaseprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:1328365
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000020804 AllianceGenome:MGI:1328365
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Nat4; Snat; Nat-2; AA-NAT
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acetyltransferase superfamily. It is the penultimate enzyme in melatonin synthesis and controls the night/day rhythm in melatonin production in the vertebrate pineal gland. Melatonin is essential for the function of the circadian clock that influences activity and sleep. This enzyme is regulated by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation that promotes its interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and thus protects the enzyme against proteasomal degradation. This gene may contribute to numerous genetic diseases such as delayed sleep phase syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]
Expression
Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
Orthologs
human all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
Location:
11 81.43 cM; 11 E2
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 11 NC_000077.7 (116482547..116489022)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 11 NC_000077.6 (116591721..116597680)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene sphingosine kinase 1 Neighboring gene ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2O Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_31212 Neighboring gene rhomboid 5 homolog 2 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_31215 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_31216 Neighboring gene cytoglobin Neighboring gene photoreceptor disc component Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E471 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 1C Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA host gene 16

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Melatonin promotes male reproductive performance and increases testosterone synthesis in mammalian Leydig cells†. Yang M, et al. Biol Reprod, 2021 Jun 4. PMID 33709108
  2. Melatonin inhibits cytosolic mitochondrial DNA-induced neuroinflammatory signaling in accelerated aging and neurodegeneration. Jauhari A, et al. J Clin Invest, 2020 Jun 1. PMID 32182222, Free PMC Article
  3. Rat and Syrian hamster: two models for the regulation of AANAT gene expression. Simonneaux V, et al. Chronobiol Int, 2006. PMID 16687308
  4. Characterization of the serotoninergic system in the C57BL/6 mouse skin. Slominski A, et al. Eur J Biochem, 2003 Aug. PMID 12899690
  5. Circadian differences in behavioral sensitization to cocaine: putative role of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase. Uz T, et al. Life Sci, 2002 May 10. PMID 12138020

See all (30) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. The Uterine Melatonergic Systems of AANAT and Melatonin Membrane Receptor 2 (MT2) Are Essential for Endometrial Receptivity and Early Implantation in Mice.
    Title: The Uterine Melatonergic Systems of AANAT and Melatonin Membrane Receptor 2 (MT2) Are Essential for Endometrial Receptivity and Early Implantation in Mice.
  2. Report shows that the embryos synthesize melatonin by the enzyme Aanat which is located in the mitochondria.
    Title: Aanat Knockdown and Melatonin Supplementation in Embryo Development: Involvement of Mitochondrial Function and DNA Methylation.
  3. Inducing nighttime expression of Aanat facilitates nocturnal melatonin synthesis
    Title: Circadian dynamics of the cone-rod homeobox (CRX) transcription factor in the rat pineal gland and its role in regulation of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT).
  4. analysis of regulation of AANAT gene expression in rats and Syrian hamsters [review]
    Title: Rat and Syrian hamster: two models for the regulation of AANAT gene expression.
  5. AANAT expression and synthesis of N-acetylserotonin/melatonin could play a role in addictive properties of cocaine
    Title: Circadian differences in behavioral sensitization to cocaine: putative role of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

Pathways from PubChem

Go to the top of the page

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC151344

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables 14-3-3 protein binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables acyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in N-terminal protein amino acid acetylation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to cAMP ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in circadian rhythm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in circadian rhythm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in melatonin biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in melatonin biosynthetic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in photoperiodism ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to copper ion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to insulin ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to light stimulus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to prostaglandin E ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to zinc ion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within rhythmic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
serotonin N-acetyltransferase
Names
aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
serotonin acetylase
NP_033721.1
XP_030101333.1
XP_030101334.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_009591.3 → NP_033721.1  serotonin N-acetyltransferase

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_033721.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the shorter and protein-coding transcript.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL607039, CO040083
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS25671.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O88816
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q14A64
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000122895.2, ENSMUST00000153476.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    COG0456
    Location:31 → 175
    RimI; Ribosomal protein S18 acetylase RimI and related acetyltransferases [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis]
    cl17182
    Location:31 → 179
    NAT_SF; N-Acyltransferase superfamily: Various enyzmes that characteristicly catalyze the transfer of an acyl group to a substrate

RNA

  1. NR_033223.1 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AF004110, AL607039, CO040083
    Related
    ENSMUST00000021160.10

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000077.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    116482547..116489022
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_030245473.2 → XP_030101333.1  serotonin N-acetyltransferase isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl17182
    Location:67 → 129
    NAT_SF; N-Acyltransferase superfamily: Various enyzmes that characteristicly catalyze the transfer of an acyl group to a substrate

  2. XM_030245474.2 → XP_030101334.1  serotonin N-acetyltransferase isoform X2

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00583
    Location:81 → 207
    Acetyltransf_1; Acetyltransferase (GNAT) family
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O88816.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O88816

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous