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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 15:12:05 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:16 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0002719
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB02719
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDesmosterol
DescriptionDesmosterol is an intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol. Desmosterolosis is a rare autosomal recessive inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis that is caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase which results in an accumulation of demosterol (DHCR24, EC 1.3.1.72), combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia and includes 2-3 toe syndactyly with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS; the biochemical block in SLOS results in decreased cholesterol levels and increased 7-dehydrocholesterol levels). Desmosterolosis is caused by mutation of the 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene (DHCR24). Many of the malformations in SLOS and desmosterolosis are consistent with impaired hedgehog function. The hedgehog proteins include Sonic hedgehog (SHH), which plays a major role in midline patterning and limb development. Desmosterolosis, caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase, combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7, EC 1.3.1.21) reduces the C7-C8 double bond in the sterol B ring to form cholesterol or desmosterol depending upon the precursor. Desmosterol can be converted to cholesterol by DHCR24. Therefore, SLOS and Desmosterolosis patients invariably have elevated levels of cholesterol precursor's 7-dehydrocholesterol (and its spontaneous isomer 8-dehydrocholesterol) and absent desmosterol. (PMID: 14631207 , 16207203 ).
Structure
Data?1585325866
Synonyms
ValueSource
24-DehydrocholesterolChEBI
3beta-Cholesta-5,24-dien-3-olChEBI
Cholesta-5,24-dien-3beta-olChEBI
3b-Cholesta-5,24-dien-3-olGenerator
3Β-cholesta-5,24-dien-3-olGenerator
Cholesta-5,24-dien-3b-olGenerator
Cholesta-5,24-dien-3β-olGenerator
Cholest-5,24-dien-3beta-olHMDB
Cholesta-5,24-dien-3-olHMDB
24 DehydrocholesterolHMDB
DemosterolHMDB
(3beta)-Cholesta-5,24-dien-3-olHMDB
(3Β)-cholesta-5,24-dien-3-olHMDB
24,25-DehydrocholesterolHMDB
DesmosterolHMDB
Chemical FormulaC27H44O
Average Molecular Weight384.6377
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight384.33921603
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
Traditional Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
CAS Registry Number313-04-2
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC=C(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C27H44O/c1-18(2)7-6-8-19(3)23-11-12-24-22-10-9-20-17-21(28)13-15-26(20,4)25(22)14-16-27(23,24)5/h7,9,19,21-25,28H,6,8,10-17H2,1-5H3/t19-,21+,22+,23-,24+,25+,26+,27-/m1/s1
InChI KeyAVSXSVCZWQODGV-DPAQBDIFSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassCholestane steroids
Direct ParentCholesterols and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Cholesterol-skeleton
  • Cholesterol
  • 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • Delta-5-steroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point121.5 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-MetCCS_train_neg210.04930932474
[M-H]-Not Available210.049http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000265
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.00011 g/LALOGPS
logP6.62ALOGPS
logP6.71ChemAxon
logS-6.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)18.2ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area20.23 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity121.47 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability49.67 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+193.72831661259
DarkChem[M-H]-189.88631661259
DeepCCS[M-2H]-231.36730932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+205.57730932474
AllCCS[M+H]+203.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+201.832859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+206.032859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+206.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-204.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-206.332859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-208.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Desmosterol[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC=C(C)C2436.2Standard polar33892256
Desmosterol[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC=C(C)C3122.4Standard non polar33892256
Desmosterol[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC=C(C)C3204.0Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Desmosterol,1TMS,isomer #1CC(C)=CCC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3200.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Desmosterol,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)=CCC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3425.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Desmosterol EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-00xr-6973000000-9b8478114c7fec1504f22017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Desmosterol EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-00xr-6973000000-9b8478114c7fec1504f22018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Desmosterol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0axr-1109000000-c96b90d5bc5f0ee8db102017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Desmosterol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-002f-3105900000-043e100bd5bd92eb15822017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Desmosterol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0avl-7941000000-99b5e69bc97a4056fa8c2014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014r-0019000000-9cec9aa1e8ad662bef642016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-2149000000-6218d03e9c19a9f2887f2016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-02ta-4259000000-713a8956eb12b8b2003d2016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0009000000-387b878bf983d0b8ac762016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0009000000-2d0cbb4e60d96f291bce2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0gb9-1019000000-37313ec6fa045ceba8942016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0009000000-4d7a5f3b63c0fb62f1d72021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0009000000-3697eddae534b800a9922021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0009000000-e7c1ee286ab735e935472021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-1009000000-1881c8faacf610d028172021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-7094000000-adf191ce524bfed85be32021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Desmosterol 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4l-9710000000-dc3e59d9eff8b97290262021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Semen
Tissue Locations
  • Brain
  • Kidney
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified1.300 +/- 0.780 uMChildren (1-13 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified1.81 +/- 0.067 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.79 +/- 0.017 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified2.9 +/- 0.2 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified2.37 +/- 1.04 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
SemenDetected and Quantified180 +/- 20 uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified155.991 uMChildren (1-13 years old)MaleDesmosterolosis details
BloodDetected and Quantified2.9 +/- 0.4 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedPrimary biliary cirrhosis details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Primary biliary cirrhosis
  1. Nikkila K, Hockerstedt K, Miettinen TA: High cholestanol and low campesterol-to-sitosterol ratio in serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis before liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1991 Apr;13(4):663-9. [PubMed:2010161 ]
Desmosterolosis
  1. Andersson HC, Kratz L, Kelley R: Desmosterolosis presenting with multiple congenital anomalies and profound developmental delay. Am J Med Genet. 2002 Dec 15;113(4):315-9. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.10873. [PubMed:12457401 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB005374
KNApSAcK IDC00023743
Chemspider ID388662
KEGG Compound IDC01802
BioCyc IDDESMOSTEROL-CPD
BiGG ID38445
Wikipedia LinkDesmosterol
METLIN ID423
PubChem Compound439577
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17737
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDDSMSTEROL
MarkerDB IDMDB00000398
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceKircher, Henry W.; Rosenstein, Fumiko U. Preparation of desmosterol from (20S,22R,S)-3b-acetoxychola-5,23-dien-22-ol. Journal of Organic Chemistry (1987), 52(12), 2586-8.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Miettinen TE, Kesaniemi YA, Gylling H, Jarvinen H, Silvennoinen E, Miettinen TA: Noncholesterol sterols in bile and stones of patients with cholesterol and pigment stones. Hepatology. 1996 Feb;23(2):274-80. [PubMed:8591852 ]
  2. Phillips KM, Ruggio DM, Bailey JA: Precise quantitative determination of phytosterols, stanols, and cholesterol metabolites in human serum by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Sep 10;732(1):17-29. [PubMed:10517218 ]
  3. Siirtola A, Ketomaki A, Miettinen TA, Gylling H, Lehtimaki T, Holmberg C, Salo MK, Antikainen M: Cholesterol absorption and synthesis in pediatric kidney, liver, and heart transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2006 Feb 15;81(3):327-34. [PubMed:16477216 ]
  4. Miettinen TA, Kesaniemi YA, Jarvinen H, Hastbacka J: Cholesterol precursor sterols, plant sterols, and cholestanol in human bile and gallstones. Gastroenterology. 1986 Apr;90(4):858-64. [PubMed:3081398 ]
  5. Rosenfeld RS, Bradlow HL, Levin J, Zumoff B: Preparation of [24,25-3H] cholesterol. Oxidation in man as a measure of bile acid formation. J Lipid Res. 1978 Sep;19(7):850-5. [PubMed:712244 ]
  6. Dennick RG, Dean PD, Abramovich DA: Desmosterol levels in human foetal brain--a reassessment. J Neurochem. 1973 Apr;20(4):1293-4. [PubMed:4697890 ]
  7. Nordby G, Norum KR: Substrate specificity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Esterification of desmosterol, b-sitosterol, and cholecalciferol in human plasma. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1975 Nov;35(7):677-82. [PubMed:174187 ]
  8. Beasley CL, Honer WG, Bergmann K, Falkai P, Lutjohann D, Bayer TA: Reductions in cholesterol and synaptic markers in association cortex in mood disorders. Bipolar Disord. 2005 Oct;7(5):449-55. [PubMed:16176438 ]
  9. Paoletti P, Pezzotta S, Racca AR, Fumagalli R: Chemotherapy of human nervous system tumors: influence on cerebrospinal fluid sterols. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1977 Dec;46:125-6. [PubMed:613223 ]
  10. Volpe JJ, Hennessy SW: Cholesterol biosynthesis and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase in cultured glial and neuronal cells. Regulation by lipoprotein and by certain free sterols. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Mar 25;486(3):408-20. [PubMed:856284 ]
  11. Clark RM, Fey MB, Jensen RG, Hill DW: Desmosterol in human milk. Lipids. 1983 Mar;18(3):264-6. [PubMed:6855485 ]
  12. Porter FD: Human malformation syndromes due to inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2003 Dec;15(6):607-13. [PubMed:14631207 ]
  13. Yu H, Patel SB: Recent insights into the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Clin Genet. 2005 Nov;68(5):383-91. [PubMed:16207203 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reduction of the delta-24 double bond of sterol intermediates. Protects cells from oxidative stress by reducing caspase 3 activity during apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Also protects against amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis.
Gene Name:
DHCR24
Uniprot ID:
Q15392
Molecular weight:
60100.805
Reactions
Cholesterol + NADP → Desmosterol + Hydrogen Ion + NADPHdetails