Hmdb loader
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 14:17:30 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:16:02 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001991
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01991
Metabolite Identification
Common Name7-Methylxanthine
Description7-Methylxanthine is a methyl derivative of xanthine, found occasionally in human urine. 7-Methylxanthine is one of the purine components in urinary calculi. Methylated purines originate from the metabolism of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline and theobromine). Caffeine is metabolized via successive pathways mainly catalyzed by CYP1A2, xanthine oxidase or N-acetyltransferase-2 to give 14 different metabolites, including 7-methylxanthine. CYP1A2 activity shows an inter-individual variability among the population. CYP1A2, an isoform of the CYP1A cytochrome P450 super-family, is involved in the metabolism of many drugs and plays a potentially important role in the induction of chemical carcinogenesis. Purine derivatives in urinary calculi could be considered markers of abnormal purine metabolism. The content of a purine derivative in stone depends on its average urinary excretion in the general population, similarity to the chemical structure of uric acid, and content of the latter in stone. This suggests that purines in stones represent a solid solution with uric acid as solvent. It is also plausible that methylxanthines, ubiquitous components of the diet and drugs, are involved in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. (PMID:11712316 , 15833286 , 3506820 , 15013152 ).
Structure
Data?1676999762
Synonyms
ValueSource
3,7-Dihydro-7-methyl-1H-purine-2,6-dioneChEBI
7-MethylxanthinChEBI
HeteroxanthinChEBI
HeteroxanthineChEBI
7-Methylxanthine, 7-(13)C-labeledMeSH
2,6-Dihydroxy-7-methylpurineHMDB
7-Methyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dioneHMDB
7-Methyl-7H-purine-2,6-diolHMDB
MethylxanthineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H6N4O2
Average Molecular Weight166.1374
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight166.049075456
IUPAC Name7-methyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
Traditional Name7-methylxanthine
CAS Registry Number552-62-5
SMILES
CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N2
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H6N4O2/c1-10-2-7-4-3(10)5(11)9-6(12)8-4/h2H,1H3,(H2,8,9,11,12)
InChI KeyPFWLFWPASULGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthines. These are purine derivatives with a ketone group conjugated at carbons 2 and 6 of the purine moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassImidazopyrimidines
Sub ClassPurines and purine derivatives
Direct ParentXanthines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Xanthine
  • Alkaloid or derivatives
  • Hydroxypyrimidine
  • Pyrimidine
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Imidazole
  • Azole
  • Azacycle
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point> 300 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility18070 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP-0.89GASPARI,F & BONATI,M (1987)
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-MetCCS_train_neg128.75130932474
[M+H]+MetCCS_train_pos130.77430932474
[M-H]-Not Available128.751http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000350
[M+H]+Not Available131.254http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000350
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility7 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.59ALOGPS
logP0.017ChemAxon
logS-1.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.31ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.85ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area76.02 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity41.82 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability14.77 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+135.05531661259
DarkChem[M-H]-130.60231661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+130.41130932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-127.78230932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-164.08430932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+139.19530932474
AllCCS[M+H]+135.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+131.432859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+140.032859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+141.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-131.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-132.432859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-133.232859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
7-MethylxanthineCN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N22571.2Standard polar33892256
7-MethylxanthineCN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N21788.6Standard non polar33892256
7-MethylxanthineCN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N22257.5Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
7-Methylxanthine,1TMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)[NH]21900.2Semi standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)[NH]22090.3Standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)[NH]22687.9Standard polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TMS,isomer #2CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)[NH]C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C1888.0Semi standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TMS,isomer #2CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)[NH]C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C2071.7Standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TMS,isomer #2CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)[NH]C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C2643.7Standard polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,2TMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C1961.0Semi standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,2TMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C2085.5Standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,2TMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C2315.3Standard polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)[NH]22118.2Semi standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)[NH]22265.4Standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)[NH]22694.0Standard polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)[NH]C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2090.8Semi standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)[NH]C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2263.2Standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)[NH]C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2630.3Standard polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2310.5Semi standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2493.8Standard non polar33892256
7-Methylxanthine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N2[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2436.0Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00rb-4900000000-5a121544b907c24f59722017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-014i-0900000000-30f6b1fe21e6924b44082012-07-25HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-00xr-6900000000-f5c1b1369f226330b60e2012-07-25HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-014i-9000000000-3b1edad37f3a300fd3b72012-07-25HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine LC-ESI-QTOF 10V, positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-3c4effaf7fee8c2b61ea2020-07-21HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine LC-ESI-QTOF 20V, positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-e2df10d0ab191cf48ad32020-07-21HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine LC-ESI-QTOF 40V, positive-QTOFsplash10-007k-9000000000-b0fa1ce6138138a941672020-07-21HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine n/a 11V, negative-QTOFsplash10-0fk9-0900000000-45a47f7201f1b1cc4c0a2020-07-21HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 2V, positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-3900000000-6b0310514422879258632020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 4V, positive-QTOFsplash10-0059-7900000000-8472e8c51cabdb800b2b2020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 10V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9100000000-68f333821040ae2d706c2020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 12V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9100000000-3c01ab92dda7a36ca9932020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 14V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9100000000-92ec6b69d4cfe4cd2a3d2020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 16V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9200000000-1a9b42f2cd8d64ed5d472020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 18V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9000000000-e26454dd03e8fe73c4a82020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 26V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9000000000-9e6003927514a88013582020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 30V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-9000000000-fa3240e26cb87ab70fa42020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 35V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001l-9000000000-9419618135a9b903f29c2020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine QTOF 40V, positive-QTOFsplash10-001l-9000000000-2aa69c9cec10c58e1b562020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine Orbitrap 3V, positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-ce6eec4ee9efe1c5a7322020-07-22HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-d0d15cf114e854cb93892017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01b9-1900000000-a22c299c1d6da46396312017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kg-9200000000-5a65dfd385a5e35051c82017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-1fd502b43c7af78c68ad2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9400000000-93978f7127dd2e954aa02017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 7-Methylxanthine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9100000000-212eeb1212b80abd05eb2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2021-10-10Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, 5%_DMSO, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Kidney
  • Liver
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot Available
Normal
      Not Available
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Female
Normal
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified10.0 (6.7-14.6) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified10.0(3.9-16.1) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
UrineDetected and Quantified10.0 (2.7-17.8) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)Both
Asthma
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Asthma
  1. Zydron M, Baranowski J, Baranowska I: Separation, pre-concentration, and HPLC analysis of methylxanthines in urine samples. J Sep Sci. 2004 Oct;27(14):1166-72. [PubMed:15537072 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB001978
KNApSAcK IDC00007326
Chemspider ID61660
KEGG Compound IDC16353
BioCyc ID7-METHYLXANTHINE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkXanthine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound68374
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID48991
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1214051
References
Synthesis ReferenceHutzenlaub, Wolfgang; Pfleiderer, Wolfgang. Purines. XIII. Simplified syntheses of 7-methyl- and 1,7-dimethylxanthines and -uric acids. Liebigs Annalen der Chemie (1979), (11), 1847-54.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Morris GS, Simmonds HA, Davies PM: Use of biological fluids for the rapid diagnosis of potentially lethal inherited disorders of human purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Biomed Chromatogr. 1986 Jun;1(3):109-18. [PubMed:3506820 ]
  2. Safranow K, Machoy Z: Simultaneous determination of 16 purine derivatives in urinary calculi by gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2005 May 25;819(2):229-35. [PubMed:15833286 ]
  3. Safranow K: [Identification and quantitation of purine derivatives in urinary calculi as markers of abnormal purine metabolism by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)]. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2000;46:35-49. [PubMed:11712316 ]
  4. Caubet MS, Comte B, Brazier JL: Determination of urinary 13C-caffeine metabolites by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: the use of metabolic ratios to assess CYP1A2 activity. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2004 Feb 4;34(2):379-89. [PubMed:15013152 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Key enzyme in purine degradation. Catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine. Catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. Contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Has also low oxidase activity towards aldehydes (in vitro).
Gene Name:
XDH
Uniprot ID:
P47989
Molecular weight:
146422.99
Reactions
7-Methylxanthine + Oxygen + Water → 7-Methyluric acid + Hydrogen peroxidedetails