Hmdb loader
Show more...Show more...Show more...Show more...Show more...Show more...
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:08 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001139
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01139
Metabolite Identification
Common NameProstaglandin F2a
DescriptionProstaglandin F2a (PGF2) is one of the earliest discovered and most common prostaglandins. It is actively biosynthesized in various organs of mammals and exhibits a variety of biological activities, including contraction of pulmonary arteries. It is used in medicine to induce labor and as an abortifacient. PGF2a binds to the Prostaglandin F2 receptor (PTGFR) which is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family. PGF2-alpha mediates luteolysis. Luteolysis is the structural and functional degradation of the corpus luteum (CL) that occurs at the end of the luteal phase of both the estrous and menstrual cycles in the absence of pregnancy. PGF2 may also be involved in modulating intraocular pressure and smooth muscle contraction in the uterus and gastrointestinal tract sphincters. PGF2 is mainly synthesized directly from PGH2 by PGH2 9,11-endoperoxide reductase. A small amount of PGF2 is also produced from PGE2 by PGE2 9-ketoreductase. A PGF2 epimer has been reported to exhibit various biological activities, and its levels are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, plasma, and urine in patients with mastocytosis and bronchial asthma. PGF2 is synthesized from PGD2 by PGD2 11-ketoreductase. (PMID: 16475787 ). Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs), and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes), and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signalling pathways.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC20H34O5
Average Molecular Weight354.481
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight354.240624198
IUPAC Name(5E)-7-[(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
Traditional Name5-trans-PGF2α
CAS Registry Number551-11-1
SMILES
CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1C\C=C\CCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H34O5/c1-2-3-6-9-15(21)12-13-17-16(18(22)14-19(17)23)10-7-4-5-8-11-20(24)25/h4,7,12-13,15-19,21-23H,2-3,5-6,8-11,14H2,1H3,(H,24,25)/b7-4+,13-12+/t15-,16+,17+,18-,19+/m0/s1
InChI KeyPXGPLTODNUVGFL-UAAPODJFSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as prostaglandins and related compounds. These are unsaturated carboxylic acids consisting of a 20 carbon skeleton that also contains a five member ring, and are based upon the fatty acid arachidonic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassEicosanoids
Direct ParentProstaglandins and related compounds
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Prostaglandin skeleton
  • Long-chain fatty acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Cyclopentanol
  • Fatty acid
  • Unsaturated fatty acid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point30 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogP4.39BODOR,H & HUANG,M (1992)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Epidermis
  • Placenta
  • Platelet
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Cardiac arrest
  1. Strohmenger HU, Lindner KH, Keller A, Lindner IM, Bothner U, Georgieff M: Concentrations of prolactin and prostaglandins during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med. 1995 Aug;23(8):1347-55. [PubMed:7634804 ]
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022448
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4446204
KEGG Compound IDC00639
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG ID35568
Wikipedia LinkProstaglandin F2alpha
METLIN ID6032
PubChem Compound5283078
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID15553
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDPROSTGF2
MarkerDB IDMDB00000302
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceChen, Shaoqing; Janda, Kim D. Total synthesis of naturally occurring prostaglandin F2a on a non-crosslinked polystyrene support. Tetrahedron Letters (1998), 39(23), 3943-3946.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Grinsted J, Byskov AG: Meiosis-inducing and meiosis-preventing substances in human male reproductive organs. Fertil Steril. 1981 Feb;35(2):199-204. [PubMed:7202743 ]
  2. Catanzarite VA: Prophylactic intramyometrial carboprost tromethamine does not substantially reduce blood loss relative to intramyometrial oxytocin at routine cesarean section. Am J Perinatol. 1990 Jan;7(1):39-42. [PubMed:2403792 ]
  3. Carr BR, Milburn J Jr, Wright EE, Simpson ER: Adenylate cyclase activity in neocortex and fetal zone membrane fractions of the human fetal adrenal gland. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985 Apr;60(4):718-22. [PubMed:2982905 ]
  4. Negrel R, Gaillard D, Ailhaud G: Prostacyclin as a potent effector of adipose-cell differentiation. Biochem J. 1989 Jan 15;257(2):399-405. [PubMed:2539085 ]
  5. Hammarstrom S, Hamberg M, Samuelsson B, Duell EA, Stawiski M, Voorhees JJ: Increased concentrations of nonesterified arachidonic acid, 12L-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, prostaglandin E2, and prostaglandin F2alpha in epidermis of psoriasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Dec;72(12):5130-4. [PubMed:1061097 ]
  6. Steele GL, Leung PC: Intragonadal signalling mechanisms in the control of steroid hormone production. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1992 Mar;41(3-8):515-22. [PubMed:1562522 ]
  7. Ciabattoni G, Pugliese F, Spaldi M, Cinotti GA, Patrono C: Radioimmunoassay measurement of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha in human urine. J Endocrinol Invest. 1979 Apr-Jun;2(2):173-82. [PubMed:489926 ]
  8. Davi G, Chiarelli F, Santilli F, Pomilio M, Vigneri S, Falco A, Basili S, Ciabattoni G, Patrono C: Enhanced lipid peroxidation and platelet activation in the early phase of type 1 diabetes mellitus: role of interleukin-6 and disease duration. Circulation. 2003 Jul 1;107(25):3199-203. Epub 2003 Jun 16. [PubMed:12810609 ]
  9. Komoto J, Yamada T, Watanabe K, Woodward DF, Takusagawa F: Prostaglandin F2alpha formation from prostaglandin H2 by prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS): crystal structure of PGFS containing bimatoprost. Biochemistry. 2006 Feb 21;45(7):1987-96. [PubMed:16475787 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
NADPH-dependent reductase with broad substrate specificity. Catalyzes the reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds including quinones, prostaglandins, menadione, plus various xenobiotics. Catalyzes the reduction of the antitumor anthracyclines doxorubicin and daunorubicin to the cardiotoxic compounds doxorubicinol and daunorubicinol. Can convert prostaglandin E2 to prostaglandin F2-alpha. Can bind glutathione, which explains its higher affinity for glutathione-conjugated substrates. Catalyzes the reduction of S-nitrosoglutathione.
Gene Name:
CBR1
Uniprot ID:
P16152
Molecular weight:
30374.73
Reactions
Prostaglandin F2a + NADP → Prostaglandin E2 + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Has low NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase activity towards 4-benzoylpyridine and menadione (in vitro).
Gene Name:
CBR3
Uniprot ID:
O75828
Molecular weight:
30849.97
Reactions
Prostaglandin F2a + NADP → Prostaglandin E2 + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Prostaglandin inactivation. Contributes to the regulation of events that are under the control of prostaglandin levels. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent dehydrogenation of lipoxin A4 to form 15-oxo-lipoxin A4. Inhibits in vivo proliferation of colon cancer cells.
Gene Name:
HPGD
Uniprot ID:
P15428
Molecular weight:
28977.105