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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:20:02 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000609
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00609
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDL-Dopa
DescriptionDL-DOPA, also known as (+-)-DOPA or (R,S)-DOPA or DL-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine is an alpha amino acid. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). DL-DOPA also belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tyrosines and derivatives. Tyrosines and derivatives are compounds containing tyrosine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. DL-DOPA is a racemic mixture of both D-DOPA and L-DOPA. D-DOPA is similar to L-DOPA (levodopa), but with opposite chirality. Levo- and dextro- rotation refer to a molecule's ability to rotate planes of polarized light in one or the other direction. Whereas L-DOPA is moderately effective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) by stimulating the production of dopamine in the brain, D-DOPA was at one time thought to be biologically inactive. However, it has recently been found that D-DOPA can be converted to L-DOPA and then to dopamine via the human enzyme known as D-amino acid oxidase and that racemic mixtures of DL-DOPA can be effective in treating Parkinsonism (PMID: 17924443 ; PMID: 3129126 ; PMID: 17042912 ). The biological production or biosynthesis of D-DOPA is thought to occur through bacterial conversion of tyrosine. L-DOPA is found naturally in both animals and plants. It is made via biosynthesis from the amino acid L-tyrosine by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. L-DOPA is the precursor to the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline), which are collectively known as catecholamines.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC9H11NO4
Average Molecular Weight197.1879
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight197.068807845
IUPAC Name2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid
Traditional Name3',4'-dihydroxyphenylalanine
CAS Registry Number63-84-3
SMILES
NC(CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H11NO4/c10-6(9(13)14)3-5-1-2-7(11)8(12)4-5/h1-2,4,6,11-12H,3,10H2,(H,13,14)
InChI KeyWTDRDQBEARUVNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tyrosine and derivatives. Tyrosine and derivatives are compounds containing tyrosine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentTyrosine and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Tyrosine or derivatives
  • Phenylalanine or derivatives
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Amphetamine or derivatives
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Catechol
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Phenol
  • Aralkylamine
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Amino acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Amine
  • Primary amine
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point270 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility3.6 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available144.271http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001783
[M+H]+Not Available154.292http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001783
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified14.0 +/- 2.5 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothProgressive dementia details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Alzheimer's disease
  1. Fonteh AN, Harrington RJ, Tsai A, Liao P, Harrington MG: Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer's disease subjects. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):213-24. Epub 2006 Oct 10. [PubMed:17031479 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022140
KNApSAcK IDC00018152
Chemspider ID813
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkDihydroxyphenylalanine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID49168
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the rate-limiting conversions of tyrosine to DOPA, DOPA to DOPA-quinone and possibly 5,6-dihydroxyindole to indole-5,6 quinone.
Gene Name:
TYR
Uniprot ID:
P14679
Molecular weight:
60392.69
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Plays an important role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons.
Gene Name:
TH
Uniprot ID:
P07101
Molecular weight:
55611.26
General function:
Involved in carboxy-lyase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) to dopamine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and L-tryptophan to tryptamine.
Gene Name:
DDC
Uniprot ID:
P20711
Molecular weight:
53893.755