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Showing metabocard for Dimethylglycine (HMDB0000092)

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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-05-30 20:55:56 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000092
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00092
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDimethylglycine
DescriptionDimethylglycine (DMG) is an amino acid derivative found in the cells of all plants and animals and can be obtained in the diet in small amounts from grains and meat. The human body produces DMG when metabolizing choline into glycine. Dimethylglycine that is not metabolized in the liver is transported by the circulatory system to body tissue. Dimethylglycine was popular with Russian athletes and cosmonauts owing to its reputed ability to increase endurance and reduce fatigue. DMG is also a byproduct of homocysteine metabolism. Homocysteine and betaine are converted to methionine and N,N-dimethylglycine by betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase. DMG in the urine is a biomarker for the consumption of legumes. It is also a microbial metabolite (PMID: 25901889 ).
Structure
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MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

  Mrv1652306051920022D          

  7  6  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
   -1.6069   -1.1598    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8924   -0.7473    0.0000 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.1780   -1.1598    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8924    0.0776    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3214   -0.7473    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3214    0.0776    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.0358   -1.1598    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  2  1  1  0  0  0  0
  2  3  1  0  0  0  0
  2  4  1  0  0  0  0
  1  5  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  2  0  0  0  0
  5  7  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
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3D MOL for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

HMDB0000092
     RDKit          3D
Dimethylglycine
 16 15  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -1.7842    0.6357   -0.2009 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6350    0.0011    0.4783 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7991   -1.4137    0.1222 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5245    0.5872   -0.1366 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.8142    0.2420    0.5151 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9399   -0.5887    1.4294 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.9400    0.9123    0.0530 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6848    0.0041   -0.1569 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4880    0.7445   -1.2570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9388    1.6661    0.1870 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7054   -1.7686    0.6912 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0811   -2.0087    0.3459 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0968   -1.4503   -0.9398 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5575    0.2699   -1.2302 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4360    1.6896   -0.1581 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.8389    0.4776   -0.1164 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  2  0
  5  7  1  0
  1  8  1  0
  1  9  1  0
  1 10  1  0
  3 11  1  0
  3 12  1  0
  3 13  1  0
  4 14  1  0
  4 15  1  0
  7 16  1  0
M  END
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3D SDF for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

  Mrv1652306051920022D          

  7  6  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
   -1.6069   -1.1598    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8924   -0.7473    0.0000 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.1780   -1.1598    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8924    0.0776    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3214   -0.7473    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3214    0.0776    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.0358   -1.1598    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  2  1  1  0  0  0  0
  2  3  1  0  0  0  0
  2  4  1  0  0  0  0
  1  5  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  2  0  0  0  0
  5  7  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0000092

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
CN(C)CC(O)=O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c1-5(2)3-4(6)7/h3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7)

> <INCHI_KEY>
FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C4H9NO2

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
103.1198

> <EXACT_MASS>
103.063328537

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
3

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
16

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
10.470047738620533

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-1.70

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-3.0607825071662678

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
0.96

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
1.8808127451470078

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
9.691600277978429

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
40.54

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
26.0727

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
9.39e+02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
dimethylglycine

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$
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3D-SDF for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

HMDB0000092
     RDKit          3D
Dimethylglycine
 16 15  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -1.7842    0.6357   -0.2009 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6350    0.0011    0.4783 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7991   -1.4137    0.1222 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5245    0.5872   -0.1366 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.8142    0.2420    0.5151 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.9399   -0.5887    1.4294 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.9400    0.9123    0.0530 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6848    0.0041   -0.1569 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4880    0.7445   -1.2570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9388    1.6661    0.1870 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7054   -1.7686    0.6912 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0811   -2.0087    0.3459 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0968   -1.4503   -0.9398 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5575    0.2699   -1.2302 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4360    1.6896   -0.1581 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.8389    0.4776   -0.1164 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  2  0
  5  7  1  0
  1  8  1  0
  1  9  1  0
  1 10  1  0
  3 11  1  0
  3 12  1  0
  3 13  1  0
  4 14  1  0
  4 15  1  0
  7 16  1  0
M  END
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PDB for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 05-JUN-19   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   05-JUN-19         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      -3.000  -2.165   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  N   UNK     0      -1.666  -1.395   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0      -0.332  -2.165   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0      -1.666   0.145   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0      -4.333  -1.395   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  O   UNK     0      -4.333   0.145   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    7  O   UNK     0      -5.667  -2.165   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    2    5                                                       
CONECT    2    1    3    4                                                  
CONECT    3    2                                                            
CONECT    4    2                                                            
CONECT    5    1    6    7                                                  
CONECT    6    5                                                            
CONECT    7    5                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    7    0   12    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

COMPND    HMDB0000092
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1      -1.784   0.636  -0.201  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  N1  UNL     1      -0.635   0.001   0.478  1.00  0.00           N  
HETATM    3  C2  UNL     1      -0.799  -1.414   0.122  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C3  UNL     1       0.524   0.587  -0.137  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C4  UNL     1       1.814   0.242   0.515  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  O1  UNL     1       1.940  -0.589   1.429  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    7  O2  UNL     1       2.940   0.912   0.053  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    8  H1  UNL     1      -2.685   0.004  -0.157  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM    9  H2  UNL     1      -1.488   0.745  -1.257  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   10  H3  UNL     1      -1.939   1.666   0.187  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   11  H4  UNL     1      -1.705  -1.769   0.691  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H5  UNL     1       0.081  -2.009   0.346  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H6  UNL     1      -1.097  -1.450  -0.940  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H7  UNL     1       0.558   0.270  -1.230  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H8  UNL     1       0.436   1.690  -0.158  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H9  UNL     1       3.839   0.478  -0.116  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2    8    9   10
CONECT    2    3    4
CONECT    3   11   12   13
CONECT    4    5   14   15
CONECT    5    6    6    7
CONECT    7   16
END
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SMILES for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

CN(C)CC(O)=O
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INCHI for HMDB0000092 (Dimethylglycine)

InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c1-5(2)3-4(6)7/h3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7)
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View in JSmolView NMR AssignmentsView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
ValueSource
(Dimethylamino)acetic acidChEBI
2-(Dimethylamino)acetic acidChEBI
N,N-Dimethylaminoacetic acidChEBI
N-MethylsarcosineChEBI
(Dimethylamino)acetateGenerator
2-(Dimethylamino)acetateGenerator
N,N-DimethylaminoacetateGenerator
N,N-DimethylglycineHMDB
N-Methylsarcosine N,N-dimethyl-glycineHMDB
Dimethylglycine, monopotassium saltHMDB
Dimethylglycine, sodium saltHMDB
Dimethylglycine, calcium saltHMDB
Dimethylglycine monohydrochlorideHMDB
2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)acetic acidHMDB
DMGHMDB
DimethylglycineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC4H9NO2
Average Molecular Weight103.1198
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight103.063328537
IUPAC Name2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid
Traditional Namedimethylglycine
CAS Registry Number1118-68-9
SMILES
CN(C)CC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c1-5(2)3-4(6)7/h3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7)
InChI KeyFFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentAlpha amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Tertiary amine
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Amino acid
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Health effect
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Industrial applicationBiological role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point185.5 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogP-2.91TSAI,RS ET AL. (1991)
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Astarita_neg126.030932474
[M+H]+Astarita_pos116.030932474
[M+H]+MetCCS_test_pos119.71830932474
[M+H]+Not Available119.615http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000506
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Kidney disease
  1. McGregor DO, Dellow WJ, Lever M, George PM, Robson RA, Chambers ST: Dimethylglycine accumulates in uremia and predicts elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations. Kidney Int. 2001 Jun;59(6):2267-72. [PubMed:11380830 ]
Uremia
  1. Vanholder R, De Smet R, Glorieux G, Argiles A, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Clark W, Cohen G, De Deyn PP, Deppisch R, Descamps-Latscha B, Henle T, Jorres A, Lemke HD, Massy ZA, Passlick-Deetjen J, Rodriguez M, Stegmayr B, Stenvinkel P, Tetta C, Wanner C, Zidek W: Review on uremic toxins: classification, concentration, and interindividual variability. Kidney Int. 2003 May;63(5):1934-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00924.x. [PubMed:12675874 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Lin Y, Ma C, Liu C, Wang Z, Yang J, Liu X, Shen Z, Wu R: NMR-based fecal metabolomics fingerprinting as predictors of earlier diagnosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 May 17;7(20):29454-64. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8762. [PubMed:27107423 ]
  2. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Crohn's disease
  1. Kolho KL, Pessia A, Jaakkola T, de Vos WM, Velagapudi V: Faecal and Serum Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2017 Mar 1;11(3):321-334. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw158. [PubMed:27609529 ]
Ulcerative colitis
  1. Kolho KL, Pessia A, Jaakkola T, de Vos WM, Velagapudi V: Faecal and Serum Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2017 Mar 1;11(3):321-334. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw158. [PubMed:27609529 ]
Eosinophilic esophagitis
  1. Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase Deficiency
  1. Moolenaar SH, Poggi-Bach J, Engelke UF, Corstiaensen JM, Heerschap A, de Jong JG, Binzak BA, Vockley J, Wevers RA: Defect in dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, a new inborn error of metabolism: NMR spectroscopy study. Clin Chem. 1999 Apr;45(4):459-64. [PubMed:10102904 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB02083
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB021893
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID653
KEGG Compound IDC01026
BioCyc IDDIMETHYL-GLYCINE
BiGG ID36652
Wikipedia LinkDimethylglycine
METLIN ID277
PubChem Compound673
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17724
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDDMGLY
MarkerDB IDMDB00000048
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceLai, Mei-Chin; Wang, Chia-Chi; Chuang, Ming-Jen; Wu, Yen-Chi; Lee, Yu-Chien. Effects of substrate and potassium on the betaine-synthesizing enzyme glycine sarcosine dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase from a halophilic methanoarchaeon Methanohalophilus portucalensis. Res Microbiol. 2006 Dec;157(10):948-55. Epub 2006 Oct 26. Pubmed: 17098399
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
DMGDH
Uniprot ID:
Q9UI17
Molecular weight:
96810.135
Reactions
Dimethylglycine + electron-transfer flavoprotein + Water → Sarcosine + Formaldehyde + reduced electron-transfer flavoproteindetails
Dimethylglycine + Electron-transferring flavoprotein + Water → Sarcosine + Formaldehyde + Reduced electron-transferring flavoproteindetails
Enzyme Details
2. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
Reactions
Dimethylglycine → 6-{[2-(dimethylamino)acetyl]oxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic aciddetails
Enzyme Details
3. Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1
General function:
Involved in zinc ion binding
Specific function:
Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts betaine and homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine, respectively. This reaction is also required for the irreversible oxidation of choline.
Gene Name:
BHMT
Uniprot ID:
Q93088
Molecular weight:
44998.205
Reactions
Betaine + Homocysteine → Dimethylglycine + Methioninedetails
Enzyme Details
4. S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
General function:
Involved in zinc ion binding
Specific function:
Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts homocysteine to methionine using S-methylmethionine (SMM) as a methyl donor.
Gene Name:
BHMT2
Uniprot ID:
Q9H2M3
Molecular weight:
33166.69
Reactions
Betaine + Homocysteine → Dimethylglycine + Methioninedetails