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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:48:15 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000082
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00082
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCytidine triphosphate
DescriptionCytidine triphosphate (CTP), also known as 5'-CTP, is pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate. Formally, CTP is an ester of cytidine and triphosphoric acid. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pentose phosphates. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a pentose substituted by one or more phosphate groups. CTP, much like ATP, consists of a base (cytosine), a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. CTP is a high-energy molecule similar to ATP, but its role as an energy coupler is limited to a much smaller subset of metabolic reactions. CTP exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans and is used in the synthesis of RNA via RNA polymerase. Another enzyme known as cytidine triphosphate synthetase (CTPS) mediates the conversion of uridine triphosphate (UTP) into cytidine triphosphate (CTP) which is the rate-limiting step of de novo CTP biosynthesis. CTPS catalyzes a complex set of reactions that include the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine (i.e., glutaminase reaction) to the C-4 position of UTP to generate CTP. GTP stimulates the glutaminase reaction by accelerating the formation of a covalent glutaminyl enzyme intermediate. CTPS activity regulates the intracellular rates of RNA synthesis, DNA synthesis, and phospholipid synthesis. CTPS is an established target for a number of antiviral, antineoplastic, and antiparasitic drugs. CTP also acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme known as aspartate carbamoyltransferase, which is used in pyrimidine biosynthesis. CTP also reacts with nitrogen-containing alcohols to form coenzymes that participate in the formation of phospholipids. In particular, CTP is the direct precursor of the activated, phospholipid pathway intermediates CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-choline, and CDP-ethanolamine ((PMID: 18439916 ). CDP-diacylglycerol is the source of the phosphatidyl moiety for phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine (synthesized by way of the CDP-diacylglycerol pathway) as well as phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, and phosphatidylinositol (PMID: 18439916 ).
Structure
Data?1588362559
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC9H16N3O14P3
Average Molecular Weight483.1563
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight482.984511771
IUPAC Name({[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)phosphonic acid
Traditional NameCTP
CAS Registry Number65-47-4
SMILES
NC1=NC(=O)N(C=C1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H16N3O14P3/c10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(24-8)3-23-28(19,20)26-29(21,22)25-27(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,19,20)(H,21,22)(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1
InChI KeyPCDQPRRSZKQHHS-XVFCMESISA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pentose phosphates. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a pentose substituted by one or more phosphate groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentPentose phosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Pentose-5-phosphate
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Hydroxypyrimidine
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Hydropyrimidine
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Pyrimidine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • 1,2-diol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Azacycle
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point215 - 218 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available183.3http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000370
[M+H]+Not Available188.6http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000370
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
Biospecimen Locations
  • Cellular Cytoplasm
Tissue Locations
  • All Tissues
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
Cellular CytoplasmDetected and Quantified10 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Cellular CytoplasmDetected and Quantified28 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Cellular CytoplasmDetected and Quantified15 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Cellular CytoplasmDetected and Quantified23 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB02431
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB030748
KNApSAcK IDC00019639
Chemspider ID5941
KEGG Compound IDC00063
BioCyc IDCTP
BiGG ID33710
Wikipedia LinkCytidine triphosphate
METLIN ID5136
PubChem Compound6176
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17677
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDCTP
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceSimon, Ethan S.; Bednarski, Mark D.; Whitesides, George M. Synthesis of CMP-NeuAc from N-acetylglucosamine: generation of CTP from CMP using adenylate kinase. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1988), 110(21), 7159-63.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Watanabe T, Oguchi K, Ebara S, Fukui T: Measurement of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in urine of biotin-deficient infants and mice by HPLC. J Nutr. 2005 Mar;135(3):615-8. [PubMed:15735103 ]
  2. Kondo T, Ohtsuka Y, Shimada M, Kawakami Y, Hiyoshi Y, Tsuji Y, Fujii H, Miwa S: Erythrocyte-oxidized glutathione transport in pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency. Am J Hematol. 1987 Sep;26(1):37-45. [PubMed:2888306 ]
  3. Kallander CF, Gronowitz JS, Olding-Stenkvist E: Varicella zoster virus deoxythymidine kinase is present in serum before the onset of varicella. Scand J Infect Dis. 1989;21(3):255-7. [PubMed:2547243 ]
  4. de Korte D, Haverkort WA, van Gennip AH, Roos D: Nucleotide profiles of normal human blood cells determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem. 1985 May 15;147(1):197-209. [PubMed:4025817 ]
  5. Verschuur AC, Brinkman J, Van Gennip AH, Leen R, Vet RJ, Evers LM, Voute PA, Van Kuilenburg AB: Cyclopentenyl cytosine induces apoptosis and increases cytarabine-induced apoptosis in a T-lymphoblastic leukemic cell-line. Leuk Res. 2001 Oct;25(10):891-900. [PubMed:11532523 ]
  6. Cornell RB, Northwood IC: Regulation of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase by amphitropism and relocalization. Trends Biochem Sci. 2000 Sep;25(9):441-7. [PubMed:10973058 ]
  7. Chang YF, Carman GM: CTP synthetase and its role in phospholipid synthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Prog Lipid Res. 2008 Sep;47(5):333-9. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2008.03.004. Epub 2008 Apr 7. [PubMed:18439916 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 65 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
In the nervous system, could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission. Could also be implicated in the prevention of platelet aggregation by hydrolyzing platelet-activating ADP to AMP. Hydrolyzes ATP and ADP equally well.
Gene Name:
ENTPD1
Uniprot ID:
P49961
Molecular weight:
58706.0
Reactions
Cytidine triphosphate + Water → CDP + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in calcium ion binding
Specific function:
Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > UTP > GTP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis.
Gene Name:
CANT1
Uniprot ID:
Q8WVQ1
Molecular weight:
44839.24
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Has a threefold preference for the hydrolysis of ATP over ADP.
Gene Name:
ENTPD3
Uniprot ID:
O75355
Molecular weight:
59104.76
Reactions
Cytidine triphosphate + Water → CDP + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity
Specific function:
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NME4
Uniprot ID:
O00746
Molecular weight:
20658.45
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + CDP → ADP + Cytidine triphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity
Specific function:
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. Possesses nucleoside-diphosphate kinase, serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, geranyl and farnesyl pyrophosphate kinase, histidine protein kinase and 3'-5' exonuclease activities. Involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis, and gene expression. Required for neural development including neural patterning and cell fate determination.
Gene Name:
NME1
Uniprot ID:
P15531
Molecular weight:
17148.635
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + CDP → ADP + Cytidine triphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity
Specific function:
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate.
Gene Name:
NME7
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y5B8
Molecular weight:
42491.365
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + CDP → ADP + Cytidine triphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity
Specific function:
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. Negatively regulates Rho activity by interacting with AKAP13/LBC. Acts as a transcriptional activator of the MYC gene; binds DNA non-specifically (PubMed:8392752). Exhibits histidine protein kinase activity.
Gene Name:
NME2
Uniprot ID:
P22392
Molecular weight:
30136.92
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + CDP → ADP + Cytidine triphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity
Specific function:
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Probably has a role in normal hematopoiesis by inhibition of granulocyte differentiation and induction of apoptosis.
Gene Name:
NME3
Uniprot ID:
Q13232
Molecular weight:
19014.85
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + CDP → ADP + Cytidine triphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity
Specific function:
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Inhibitor of p53-induced apoptosis.
Gene Name:
NME6
Uniprot ID:
O75414
Molecular weight:
22002.965
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + CDP → ADP + Cytidine triphosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process
Specific function:
Catalyzes the activation of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) to cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuNAc), a substrate required for the addition of sialic acid. Has some activity toward NeuNAc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) or 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN).
Gene Name:
CMAS
Uniprot ID:
Q8NFW8
Molecular weight:
48378.835
Reactions
Cytidine triphosphate + N-acylneuraminate → Pyrophosphate + Cytidine 5'-monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic aciddetails
Cytidine triphosphate + N-Acetylneuraminic acid → Pyrophosphate + Cytidine 5'-monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic aciddetails
Cytidine triphosphate + N-Glycolylneuraminic acid → Pyrophosphate + CMP-N-glycoloylneuraminatedetails

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 65 proteins in total.