| HSP90 BASIC INFORMATION [ View References ] |
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| Systematic Name, Reference Strain | | C7_02030W_A (C. albicans SC5314) |
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| Alias | | orf19.13868, orf6.76452, IPF20556.12, IPF4596.22, Contig4-3089_00263, CA49592, CaJ7.02344, CaO19.65155, CaO19.138685, CaJ7_02345, CaO19_65155, orf19.6515, C7_02030W_B, C7_02030W |
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| Feature Type | | ORF, Verified |
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| Description | | Essential chaperone, regulates several signal transduction pathways and temperature-induced morphogenesis; activated by heat shock, stress; localizes to surface of hyphae, not yeast cells; mediates echinocandin and biofilm azole resistance (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) |
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| Name Description | | Heat Shock Protein |
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| Allelic Variation | | No allelic variation in feature |
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| CUG Codons | | C7_02030W_A: 0
C7_02030W_B: 0 |
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| Systematic Names Used in Other Strains | | CAWG_05553 (C. albicans WO-1) |
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| JBrowse | |
JBrowse for feature C7_02030W_A
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Sequence Information  | | Ca22chr7A_C_albicans_SC5314:439525 to 441648 | JBrowse | | Last Update | | Coordinates: 2016-01-21 | Sequence: 2014-06-24 | | Subfeature Details | | | | Relative
Coordinates | | Chromosomal
Coordinates | | Most Recent Update |
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| Coordinates | | Sequence | | CDS | | 1 | to | 2124 | | 439,525 | to | 441,648 | | 2016-01-21 | | 2014-06-24 |
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Sequence Information  | | Ca22chr7A_C_albicans_SC5314:439525 to 441648 | JBrowse |
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Allele Location
Allele C7_02030W_B | | Ca22chr7B_C_albicans_SC5314:439534 to 441657 | JBrowse | | Last Update | | Coordinates: 2016-01-21 | Sequence: 2014-06-24 | | Subfeature Details | | | | Relative
Coordinates | | Chromosomal
Coordinates | | Most Recent Update |
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| Coordinates | | Sequence | | CDS | | 1 | to | 2124 | | 439,534 | to | 441,657 | | 2016-01-21 | | 2014-06-24 |
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Allele Location
Allele C7_02030W_B | | Ca22chr7B_C_albicans_SC5314:439534 to 441657 | JBrowse |
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| Primary CGDID | | CAL0000201062 |
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| ADDITIONAL INFORMATION for HSP90 |
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| LOCUS SUMMARY NOTES for HSP90 (Last Updated: 2011-04-28) |
- an essential molecular chaperone of the Hsp90p family; it has been shown to be essential in S. cerevisiae and every other eukaryote in which it has been tested (7)
- orthologous to S. cerevisiae, HSP82 (7)
- by cell surface protein extraction, C. albicans Hsp90p is shown to be localized on the cell surface as well as in the cytoplasm; the cytoplasmic form is induced by heat shock and by 17-beta-estradiol (9, 8)
- heat shock inducible, its levels changed during batch growth with maximum levels reached during the mid-exponential growth phase (7)
- specifically induced as part of a core stress response by cadmium stress and and to a temperature upshift as determined by microarray analysis (13)
- induced by amphotericin B and by caspofungin exposure as determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy; downregulated by ketoconazole exposure (18)
- compromising Hsp90p function pharmacologically (with geldanamycin or radicicol) or genetically (with repressible promoter strains) induces a transition from yeast to filamentous growth in the absence of external cues; elevated temperature relieves Hsp90p-mediated repression of the filamentous growth signaling program (14)
- through a combination of pharamcological inhibition studies and genetic analysis, Hsp90p has been shown to repress Ras1-PKA signaling; modest Hsp90p compromise enhances the phenotypic effects of activated Ras1p signaling whereas deletion of positive regulators of the Ras1p-PKA cascade blocks a morphogenetic response to Hsp90p inhibition (14)
- Hsp90p regulates echinocandin resistance in C. albicans via calcineurin; pharmacological or genetic impairment of Hsp90p function reduces tolerance of C. albicans laboratory strains and resistance of clinical isolates to the echinocandins and creates a fungicidal combination (16)
- reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation experiments show a physical interaction between Hsp90p and calcineurin; compromising calcineurin function phenocopies the compromise of Hsp90p function; Hsp90p inhibition blocks calcineurin activation and calcineurin levels are depleted upon genetic reduction of Hsp90p (16)
- in vitro, HSP90 is upregulated with 40 and 200 μM farnesol along with other proteins involved in protein folding and protection against environmental and oxidative stress (15)
- exposure of C. albicans biofilms to farnesol results in the down-regulation of HSP90 and other heat shock proteins; the production of heat shock proteins may contribute to the protection of cells from damage and repair of cell damage following stress, which can occur in biofilms (19)
- antigenic in humans; the epitope LKVIRK, identified by hybrid-phage display, on the 47kDa heat shock protein, Hsp90p, corresponding to residues 386-391, is recognized by patients recovering from invasive candidiasis; the LKVIRK epitope is potentially useful as a vaccine as immunization protects mice with an intervenous challenge of C. albicans, confirmed by fewer fungal cells in the kidneys and a longer lifespan of the vaccinated mice compared to control groups (11)
- depletion of C. albicans Hsp90p attenuates virulence in a mouse model of systemic disease (14)
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| 1) | Crampin AC and Matthews RC (1993) Application of the polymerase chain reaction to the diagnosis of candidosis by amplification of an HSP 90 gene fragment. J Med Microbiol 39(3):233-8
  | | 2) | CandidaDB
 | | 3) | Berman J (2005) Mapping of ORFs in Assembly 4 to those in Assembly 19.
| | 4) | Chibana H, et al. (2005) Sequence finishing and gene mapping for Candida albicans chromosome 7 and syntenic analysis against the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Genetics 170(4):1525-37
 | | 5) | Maglott D, et al. (2007) Entrez Gene: gene-centered information at NCBI. Nucleic Acids Res 35(Database issue):D26-31
| | 6) | Ni J, et al. (2004) Candida albicans Cdc37 interacts with the Crk1 kinase and is required for Crk1 production. FEBS Lett 561(1-3):223-30
| | 7) | Swoboda RK, et al. (1995) Structure and regulation of the HSP90 gene from the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Infect Immun 63(11):4506-14
| | 8) | Burt ET, et al. (2003) Isolation and partial characterization of Hsp90 from Candida albicans. Ann Clin Lab Sci 33(1):86-93
| | 9) | Urban C, et al. (2003) Identification of cell surface determinants in Candida albicans reveals Tsa1p, a protein differentially localized in the cell. FEBS Lett 544(1-3):228-35
| | 10) | Pitarch A, et al. (2004) Proteomics-based identification of novel Candida albicans antigens for diagnosis of systemic candidiasis in patients with underlying hematological malignancies. Proteomics 4(10):3084-106
| | 11) | Yang Q, et al. (2005) Prophylactic vaccination with phage-displayed epitope of C. albicans elicits protective immune responses against systemic candidiasis in C57BL/6 mice. Vaccine 23(31):4088-96
| | 12) | Cowen LE and Lindquist S (2005) Hsp90 potentiates the rapid evolution of new traits: drug resistance in diverse fungi. Science 309(5744):2185-9
| | 13) | Enjalbert B, et al. (2006) Role of the Hog1 stress-activated protein kinase in the global transcriptional response to stress in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Mol Biol Cell 17(2):1018-32
  | | 14) | Shapiro RS, et al. (2009) Hsp90 orchestrates temperature-dependent Candida albicans morphogenesis via Ras1-PKA signaling. Curr Biol 19(8):621-9
 | | 15) | Shirtliff ME, et al. (2009) Farnesol-induced apoptosis in Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53(6):2392-401
| | 16) | Singh SD, et al. (2009) Hsp90 governs echinocandin resistance in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans via calcineurin. PLoS Pathog 5(7):e1000532
| | 17) | Robbins N, et al. (2011) Hsp90 governs dispersion and drug resistance of fungal biofilms. PLoS Pathog 7(9):e1002257
| | 18) | Hoehamer CF, et al. (2010) Changes in the proteome of Candida albicans in response to azole, polyene, and echinocandin antifungal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54(5):1655-64
| | 19) | Cao YY, et al. (2005) cDNA microarray analysis of differential gene expression in Candida albicans biofilm exposed to farnesol. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49(2):584-9
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