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This document describes the Shape Expression Vocabulary and Term definitions used for describing Shape Expressions [shex-semantics]. This document provides the RDFS [RDF-SCHEMA] vocabulary definition and a description of the JSON-LD context definition for use with defining shape expressions.
Alternate versions of the vocabulary definition exist in
Turtle and
JSON-LD,
which also includes the @context required for metadata descriptions.
This document is merely a W3C-internal document. It has no official standing of any kind and does not represent consensus of the W3C Membership.
FIXME
This document describes the RDFS vocabulary description used in the Shape Expression Language (ShEx) [shex-semantics] along with the default JSON-LD Context and shape expression to validate RDF versions of shapes.
This specification makes use of the following namespaces:
shex:http://www.w3.org/ns/shex#rdf:http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rdfs:http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#xsd:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#The following are class definitions in the shex namespace:
| Annotation |
Annotation
§
Annotations provide a format-independent way to provide additional information about elements in a schema. |
| EachOf |
Each Of
§
A TripleExpression composed of one or more sub-expressions, all of which must match.
|
| IriStem |
IRI Stem
§
An IRI prefix used for matching IRIs.
|
| IriStemRange |
IRI StemRange
§
An IRI prefix (or wildcard) along with a set of excluded values, used for node matching.
|
| Language |
Language
§
An Language tag used for matching Literal Languages. |
| LanguageStem |
Language Stem
§
An Language prefix used for matching Literal Languages.
|
| LanguageStemRange |
Language StemRange
§
An Language prefix (or wildcard) along with a set of excluded values, used for node matching.
|
| LiteralStem |
Literal Stem
§
An Literal prefix used for matching Literals.
|
| LiteralStemRange |
Literal StemRange
§
An Literal prefix (or wildcard) along with a set of excluded values, used for node matching.
|
| NodeConstraint |
Node Constraint
§
A constraint on the type or value of an RDF Node.
|
| NodeKind |
Node Kind
§
The set of kinds of RDF Nodes. |
| OneOf |
One Of
§
A TripleExpression composed of one or more sub-expressions, one of which must match.
|
| Schema |
Schema
§
A Schema contains the set of shapes, used for matching a focus node. |
| SemAct |
Semantic Actions
§
A list of Semantic Actions that serve as an extension point for Shape Expressions. They appear in lists in Schema's startActs and Shape, OneOf, EachOf and TripleConstraint's semActs. |
| Shape |
Shape Or
§
A shapes schema is captured in a Schema object where shapes is a mapping from shape label to shape expression.
|
| ShapeAnd |
Shape And
§
A ShapeExpression composed of one or more sub-expressions, all of which must match.
|
| ShapeExpression |
Shape Expression
§
The abstract class of Shape Expressions. |
| ShapeExternal |
Shape External
§
A reference to a shape defined in some external Schema.
|
| ShapeNot |
Shape Not
§
A ShapeNot is satisfied when it’s included ShapeExpression is not satisfied.
|
| ShapeOr |
Shape Or
§
A ShapeExpression composed of one or more sub-expressions, one of which must match.
|
| Stem |
Stem
§
Abstract class for Stems |
| StemRange |
StemRange
§
Abstract Class for Stem Ranges |
| TripleConstraint |
Triple Constraint
§
A constraint on a triple having a specific predicate and optionally a shape expression used for matching values.
|
| TripleExpression |
Triple Expression
§
The abstract class of Triple Expressions. |
| Wildcard |
Wildcard
§
Indicates that a stem is a Wildcard, rather than a URI prefix. |
The following are property definitions in the shex namespace:
| annotation |
annotation
§
Annotations on a TripleExpression.
|
| closed |
closed
§
Indicates that a Shape is closed, meaning that it may contain no property values other than those used within TripleConstraints.
|
| code |
code
§
Code executed by Semantic Action.
|
| datatype |
datatype
§
A datatype constraint.
|
| exclusion |
exclusion
§
Values that are excluded from value matching.
|
| expression |
expression
§
Expression associated with the TripleExpression.
|
| expressions |
expressions
§
List of 2 or more expressions associated with the TripleExpression.
|
| extra |
extra
§
Properties which may have extra values beyond those matched through a constraint.
|
| extends |
extends
§
Base shape expressions for this shape.
|
| flags |
flags
§
Regular expression flags
|
| fractiondigits |
fraction digits
§
for "fractiondigits" constraints, v is less than or equals the number of digits to the right of the decimal place in the XML Schema canonical form[xmlschema-2] of the value of n, ignoring trailing zeros.
|
| inverse |
inverse
§
Constrains the subject of a triple, rather than the object.
|
| languageTag |
language tag
§
The value used to match the language tag of a language-tagged string.
|
| length |
length
§
The exact length of the value of the cell.
|
| max |
maximum cardinality
§
Maximum number of times this TripleExpression may match; -1 for “*”
|
| maxexclusive |
max exclusive
§
An atomic property that contains a single number that is the maximum valid value (exclusive).
|
| maxinclusive |
max inclusive
§
An atomic property that contains a single number that is the maximum valid value (inclusive).
|
| maxlength |
max length
§
A numeric atomic property that contains a single integer that is the maximum length of the value.
|
| min |
minimum cardinatliy
§
Minimum number of times this TripleExpression may match.
|
| minexclusive |
min exclusive
§
An atomic property that contains a single number that is the minimum valid value (exclusive).
|
| mininclusive |
min inclusive
§
An atomic property that contains a single number that is the minimum valid value (inclusive).
|
| minlength |
min length
§
An atomic property that contains a single integer that is the minimum length of the value.
|
| name |
name
§
Identifier of SemAct extension.
|
| nodeKind |
node kind
§
Restiction on the kind of node matched; restricted to the defined instances of NodeKind. One of shex:iri, shex:bnode, shex:literal, or shex:nonliteral.
|
| numericFacet |
§
Abstract property of numeric facets on a NodeConstraint.
|
| object |
object
§
The object of an Annotation.
|
| pattern |
pattern
§
A regular expression used for matching a value.
|
| predicate |
predicate
§
The predicate of a TripleConstraint or Annotation.
|
| semActs |
semantic action
§
Semantic Actions on this TripleExpression.
|
| shapeExpr |
shape expression
§
Shape Expression referenced by this shape.
|
| shapeExprs |
shape expressions
§
A list of 2 or more Shape Expressions referenced by this shape.
|
| shapes |
shapes
§
Shapes in this Schema.
|
| start |
start
§
A ShapeExpression matched against the focus node prior to any other mapped expressions.
|
| startActs |
start actions
§
Semantic Actions run on the Schema.
|
| stem |
stem
§
A stem value used for matching or excluding values.
|
| stringFacet |
§
An abstract property of string facets on a NodeConstraint.
|
| totaldigits |
total digits
§
for "totaldigits" constraints, v equals the number of digits in the XML Schema canonical form[xmlschema-2] of the value of n
|
| valueExpr |
value expression
§
A ShapeExpression used for matching the object (or subject if inverted) of a TripleConstraint.
|
| values |
values
§
A value restriction on a NodeConstraint.
|
| xsFacet |
§
An abstract property of string and numeric facets on a NodeConstraint.
|
The following are datatype definitions in the shex namespace:
The following are instance definitions in the shex namespace:
| bnode |
bnode
§
Requires node to be a Blank Node |
| iri |
iri
§
Requires node to be an IRI |
| literal |
literal
§
Requires node to be an rdf:Literal |
| nonliteral |
nonliteral
§
Requires node to be a Blank Node or IRI |