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Epigallocatechin Gallate

PubChem CID
65064
Structure
Epigallocatechin Gallate_small.png
Epigallocatechin Gallate_3D_Structure.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate
  • EGCG
  • 989-51-5
  • Epigallocatechin gallate
  • Epigallocatechin 3-gallate
Molecular Weight
458.4 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Dates
  • Create:
    2005-06-24
  • Modify:
    2025-01-18
Description
(-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate is a gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant, a Hsp90 inhibitor, a neuroprotective agent, a plant metabolite, a geroprotector and an apoptosis inducer. It is a gallate ester, a polyphenol and a member of flavans. It is functionally related to a (-)-epigallocatechin.
Epigallocatechin gallate has been investigated for the treatment of Hypertension and Diabetic Nephropathy.
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate has been reported in Camellia sinensis, Eschweilera coriacea, and other organisms with data available.

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
Epigallocatechin Gallate.png

1.2 3D Conformer

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

[(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/C22H18O11/c23-10-5-12(24)11-7-18(33-22(31)9-3-15(27)20(30)16(28)4-9)21(32-17(11)6-10)8-1-13(25)19(29)14(26)2-8/h1-6,18,21,23-30H,7H2/t18-,21-/m1/s1
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.3 InChIKey

WMBWREPUVVBILR-WIYYLYMNSA-N
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.4 SMILES

C1[C@H]([C@H](OC2=CC(=CC(=C21)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C(=C3)O)O)O)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2024.12.12)

2.2 Molecular Formula

C22H18O11
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

2.3.2 Deprecated CAS

863-65-0

2.3.3 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.4 UNII

2.3.5 ChEBI ID

2.3.6 ChEMBL ID

2.3.7 DrugBank ID

2.3.8 DSSTox Substance ID

2.3.9 HMDB ID

2.3.10 KEGG ID

2.3.11 Lipid Maps ID (LM_ID)

2.3.12 Metabolomics Workbench ID

2.3.13 NCI Thesaurus Code

2.3.14 Nikkaji Number

2.3.15 Pharos Ligand ID

2.3.16 RXCUI

2.3.17 Wikidata

2.3.18 Wikipedia

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 MeSH Entry Terms

  • EGCG cpd
  • epigallo-catechin gallate
  • epigallocatechin gallate
  • epigallocatechin-3-gallate
  • epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate

2.4.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
458.4 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
XLogP3
Property Value
1.2
Reference
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
8
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
11
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
4
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
458.08491139 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
458.08491139 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
197 Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
33
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
667
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
2
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

Solid

3.2.2 Melting Point

140 - 142 °C

3.2.3 Collision Cross Section

209.87 Ų [M+K]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

208.14 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

Ross et al. JASMS 2022; 33; 1061-1072. DOI:10.1021/jasms.2c00111
206.1 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW; Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

3.3 Chemical Classes

3.3.1 Drugs

Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15
S55 | ZINC15PHARMA | Pharmaceuticals from ZINC15 | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3247749

3.3.2 Lipids

Polyketides [PK] -> Flavonoids [PK12] -> Proanthocyanidins [PK1203]

4 Spectral Information

4.1 1D NMR Spectra

4.1.1 13C NMR Spectra

1 of 2
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 W. Robien, Inst. of Org. Chem., Univ. of Vienna. All Rights Reserved.
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2 of 2
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 W. Robien, Inst. of Org. Chem., Univ. of Vienna. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
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4.2 Mass Spectrometry

4.2.1 MS-MS

1 of 7
View All
Spectra ID
Instrument Type
LC-ESI-QFT
Ionization Mode
positive
Top 5 Peaks

289.0707 74.65

151.0389 16.57

139.0387 8.78

Thumbnail
Thumbnail
Notes
adduct_type [M+H]+ original_collision_energy 35% nominal Data from FlavonoidSearch July 2020 LTQ-FT-ICR, Thermo Scientific
2 of 7
View All
Spectra ID
Instrument Type
LC-ESI-IT
Ionization Mode
positive
Top 5 Peaks

289.0221 70.98

151.1368 15.20

139.0789 13.82

Thumbnail
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Notes
adduct_type [M+H]+ original_collision_energy 35% nominal Data from FlavonoidSearch July 2020 LTQ Ion trap, Thermo Scientific

4.2.2 LC-MS

1 of 48
View All
Authors
BGC, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen
Instrument
maXis plus UHR-ToF-MS, Bruker Daltonics
Instrument Type
LC-ESI-QTOF
MS Level
MS2
Ionization Mode
POSITIVE
Ionization
ESI
Collision Energy
10
Fragmentation Mode
CID
Column Name
BEH C18 1.7um, 2.1x100mm, Waters
Retention Time
2.748 min
Precursor m/z
459.0922
Precursor Adduct
[M+H]+
Top 5 Peaks

459.0925 999

289.0704 740

139.0386 131

290.0741 104

151.0386 76

Thumbnail
Thumbnail
License
CC BY
2 of 48
View All
Authors
BGC, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen
Instrument
maXis plus UHR-ToF-MS, Bruker Daltonics
Instrument Type
LC-ESI-QTOF
MS Level
MS2
Ionization Mode
POSITIVE
Ionization
ESI
Collision Energy
20
Fragmentation Mode
CID
Column Name
BEH C18 1.7um, 2.1x100mm, Waters
Retention Time
2.748 min
Precursor m/z
459.0922
Precursor Adduct
[M+H]+
Top 5 Peaks

139.0387 999

289.0709 820

151.0384 202

290.074 141

305.0655 139

Thumbnail
Thumbnail
License
CC BY

4.3 IR Spectra

4.3.1 ATR-IR Spectra

Instrument Name
Bio-Rad FTS
Technique
ATR-Neat (DuraSamplIR II)
Source of Spectrum
Forensic Spectral Research
Source of Sample
Enzo Life Sciences
Catalog Number
270-263-M010
Lot Number
L20918/c
Copyright
Copyright © 2012-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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6 Chemical Vendors

7 Drug and Medication Information

7.1 Drug Indication

7.2 FDA National Drug Code Directory

7.3 Drug Labels

Active ingredient and drug

7.4 Clinical Trials

7.4.1 ClinicalTrials.gov

7.4.2 EU Clinical Trials Register

8 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

8.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Neuroprotective Agents
Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids. (See all compounds classified as Neuroprotective Agents.)
Anticarcinogenic Agents
Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced tumors independently of the mechanism involved. (See all compounds classified as Anticarcinogenic Agents.)
Antimutagenic Agents
Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved. (See all compounds classified as Antimutagenic Agents.)
Antioxidants
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard oxidation reactions. They counteract the damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues. (See all compounds classified as Antioxidants.)

8.2 Metabolism / Metabolites

(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate has known human metabolites that include (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, 4p-hydroxy-glucuronide and (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, 3p-hydroxy-glucuronide.
S73 | METXBIODB | Metabolite Reaction Database from BioTransformer | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4056560

8.3 Human Metabolite Information

8.3.1 Tissue Locations

  • Bladder
  • Epidermis
  • Fibroblasts
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Neuron
  • Platelet
  • Prostate
  • Skeletal Muscle

8.3.2 Cellular Locations

Membrane

8.4 Biochemical Reactions

8.5 Transformations

9 Use and Manufacturing

9.1 Uses

EPA CPDat Chemical and Product Categories
The Chemical and Products Database, a resource for exposure-relevant data on chemicals in consumer products, Scientific Data, volume 5, Article number: 180125 (2018), DOI:10.1038/sdata.2018.125

10 Safety and Hazards

10.1 Hazards Identification

10.1.1 GHS Classification

1 of 2
View All
Note
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 60% (6 of 10) of all reports. Pictograms displayed are for 40% (4 of 10) of reports that indicate hazard statements.
Pictogram(s)
Irritant
Environmental Hazard
Signal
Warning
GHS Hazard Statements

H302 (30%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (10%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H317 (30%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319 (30%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H401 (10%): Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H411 (30%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

Precautionary Statement Codes

P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P317, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, and P501

(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)

ECHA C&L Notifications Summary

Aggregated GHS information provided per 10 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 6 of 10 reports by companies. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

There are 3 notifications provided by 4 of 10 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.

10.1.2 Hazard Classes and Categories

Acute Tox. 4 (30%)

Acute Tox. 4 (10%)

Skin Sens. 1 (30%)

Eye Irrit. 2 (30%)

Aquatic Acute 2 (10%)

Aquatic Chronic 2 (30%)

Acute Tox. 4 (62.5%)

Skin Irrit. 2 (12.5%)

Skin Sens. 1 (62.5%)

Eye Irrit. 2 (75%)

STOT SE 3 (12.5%)

Aquatic Chronic 2 (62.5%)

10.2 Regulatory Information

REACH Registered Substance

11 Toxicity

11.1 Toxicological Information

11.1.1 Acute Effects

12 Associated Disorders and Diseases

13 Literature

13.1 Consolidated References

13.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

13.3 Springer Nature References

13.4 Thieme References

13.5 Wiley References

13.6 Nature Journal References

13.7 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

13.8 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

13.9 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

14 Patents

14.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

14.2 WIPO PATENTSCOPE

14.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

14.4 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

14.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

15 Interactions and Pathways

15.1 Protein Bound 3D Structures

15.1.1 Ligands from Protein Bound 3D Structures

PDBe Ligand Code
PDBe Structure Code
PDBe Conformer

15.2 Chemical-Target Interactions

15.3 Drug-Drug Interactions

15.4 Pathways

16 Biological Test Results

16.1 BioAssay Results

17 Taxonomy

The LOTUS Initiative for Open Natural Products Research: frozen dataset union wikidata (with metadata) | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5794106
S29 | PHYTOTOXINS | Toxic Plant Phytotoxin (TPPT) Database | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2652993

18 Classification

18.1 MeSH Tree

18.2 NCI Thesaurus Tree

18.3 ChEBI Ontology

18.4 LIPID MAPS Classification

18.5 KEGG: Lipid

18.6 KEGG: Phytochemical Compounds

18.7 ChemIDplus

18.8 IUPHAR / BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY Target Classification

18.9 ChEMBL Target Tree

18.10 UN GHS Classification

18.11 EPA CPDat Classification

18.12 NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification

18.13 CCSBase Classification

18.14 EPA DSSTox Classification

18.15 LOTUS Tree

18.16 EPA Substance Registry Services Tree

18.17 MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology

19 Information Sources

  1. BindingDB
    LICENSE
    All data curated by BindingDB staff are provided under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/).
    https://www.bindingdb.org/rwd/bind/info.jsp
  2. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
    LICENSE
    It is to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of NC State University.
    http://ctdbase.org/about/legal.jsp
  3. Drug Gene Interaction database (DGIdb)
    LICENSE
    The data used in DGIdb is all open access and where possible made available as raw data dumps in the downloads section.
    http://www.dgidb.org/downloads
  4. DrugBank
    LICENSE
    Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode)
    https://www.drugbank.ca/legal/terms_of_use
  5. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
    LICENSE
    The Guide to PHARMACOLOGY database is licensed under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/. Its contents are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
    https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/about.jsp#license
    Guide to Pharmacology Target Classification
    https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/targets.jsp
  6. Therapeutic Target Database (TTD)
  7. CAS Common Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  8. ChemIDplus
    ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification
    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/ChemIDplus
  9. EPA DSSTox
    CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/
  10. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
    LICENSE
    Use of the information, documents and data from the ECHA website is subject to the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the ECHA website may be reproduced, distributed and/or used, totally or in part, for non-commercial purposes provided that ECHA is acknowledged as the source: "Source: European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu/". Such acknowledgement must be included in each copy of the material. ECHA permits and encourages organisations and individuals to create links to the ECHA website under the following cumulative conditions: Links can only be made to webpages that provide a link to the Legal Notice page.
    https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/legal-notice
    (2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    https://chem.echa.europa.eu/100.105.241
    (2R,3R)-3,4-Dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.111.017
    (2R,3R)-3,4-Dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (EC: 619-381-5)
    https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/23386
    (2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (EC: 479-560-7)
    https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/107642
  11. FDA Global Substance Registration System (GSRS)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  12. Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
    LICENSE
    HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.
    http://www.hmdb.ca/citing
  13. CCSbase
    CCSbase Classification
    https://ccsbase.net/
  14. ChEBI
  15. LOTUS - the natural products occurrence database
    LICENSE
    The code for LOTUS is released under the GNU General Public License v3.0.
    https://lotus.nprod.net/
    (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate
    https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393339
  16. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.
    https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuse
  17. Open Targets
    LICENSE
    Datasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.
    https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  18. ChEMBL
    LICENSE
    Access to the web interface of ChEMBL is made under the EBI's Terms of Use (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html). The ChEMBL data is made available on a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/).
    http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html
  19. ClinicalTrials.gov
    LICENSE
    The ClinicalTrials.gov data carry an international copyright outside the United States and its Territories or Possessions. Some ClinicalTrials.gov data may be subject to the copyright of third parties; you should consult these entities for any additional terms of use.
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-site/terms-conditions#Use
  20. DailyMed
  21. EPA Chemical and Products Database (CPDat)
  22. EU Clinical Trials Register
  23. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
    LICENSE
    Data covered by the Standard Reference Data Act of 1968 as amended.
    https://www.nist.gov/srd/public-law
    Epigallocatechin gallate
    http://www.nist.gov/srd/nist1a.cfm
  24. Japan Chemical Substance Dictionary (Nikkaji)
  25. KEGG
    LICENSE
    Academic users may freely use the KEGG website. Non-academic use of KEGG generally requires a commercial license
    https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/legal.html
  26. LIPID MAPS
    Lipid Classification
    https://www.lipidmaps.org/
  27. Natural Product Activity and Species Source (NPASS)
  28. NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
    LICENSE
    Data: CC-BY 4.0; Code (hosted by ECI, LCSB): Artistic-2.0
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
    NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification
    https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/
  29. MassBank Europe
  30. Metabolomics Workbench
  31. National Drug Code (NDC) Directory
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  32. Nature Chemical Biology
  33. NLM RxNorm Terminology
    LICENSE
    The RxNorm Terminology is created by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) and is in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from NLM. Credit to the U.S. National Library of Medicine as the source is appreciated but not required. The full RxNorm dataset requires a free license.
    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/docs/termsofservice.html
  34. Pharos
    LICENSE
    Data accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.
    https://pharos.nih.gov/about
  35. Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe)
  36. RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)
    LICENSE
    Data files contained in the PDB archive (ftp://ftp.wwpdb.org) are free of all copyright restrictions and made fully and freely available for both non-commercial and commercial use. Users of the data should attribute the original authors of that structural data.
    https://www.rcsb.org/pages/policies
  37. SpectraBase
    (-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN-3-O-GALLATE
    https://spectrabase.com/spectrum/5jQz4IDtF3p
  38. Springer Nature
  39. Thieme Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The Thieme Chemistry contribution within PubChem is provided under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
  40. Wikidata
  41. Wikipedia
  42. Wiley
  43. PubChem
  44. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
    LICENSE
    Works produced by the U.S. government are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any such works found on National Library of Medicine (NLM) Web sites may be freely used or reproduced without permission in the U.S.
    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
  45. GHS Classification (UNECE)
  46. EPA Substance Registry Services
  47. MolGenie
    MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology
    https://github.com/MolGenie/ontology/
  48. PATENTSCOPE (WIPO)
  49. NCBI
CONTENTS