ULK1 unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ULK1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:12558
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000177169 MIM:603168; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12558
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ATG1; ATG1A; UNC51; hATG1; Unc51.1
Summary: Enables identical protein binding activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; and small GTPase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including autophagosome assembly; positive regulation by symbiont of host autophagy; and protein phosphorylation. Located in autophagosome; cytosol; and phagophore assembly site membrane. Is extrinsic component of autophagosome membrane; extrinsic component of omegasome membrane; and extrinsic component of phagophore assembly site membrane. Part of Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 14.9), endometrium (RPKM 11.7) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 12q24.33

Exon count:: 28

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	12	NC_000012.12 (131894622..131923150)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	12	NC_060936.1 (131939343..131971098)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	12	NC_000012.11 (132379167..132407695)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Sirt3 Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells From High Glucose-Induced Injury by Promoting Mitophagy Through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Pathway.
Title: Sirt3 Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells From High Glucose-Induced Injury by Promoting Mitophagy Through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Pathway.
RNF135 promotes cell proliferation and autophagy in lung adenocarcinoma by promoting the phosphorylation of ULK1.
Title: RNF135 promotes cell proliferation and autophagy in lung adenocarcinoma by promoting the phosphorylation of ULK1.
SPHK1 potentiates colorectal cancer progression and metastasis via regulating autophagy mediated by TRAF6-induced ULK1 ubiquitination.
Title: SPHK1 potentiates colorectal cancer progression and metastasis via regulating autophagy mediated by TRAF6-induced ULK1 ubiquitination.
Regulation of ULK1 by WTAP/IGF2BP3 axis enhances mitophagy and progression in epithelial ovarian cancer.
Title: Regulation of ULK1 by WTAP/IGF2BP3 axis enhances mitophagy and progression in epithelial ovarian cancer.
DRAK2 suppresses autophagy by phosphorylating ULK1 at Ser[56] to diminish pancreatic beta cell function upon overnutrition.
Title: DRAK2 suppresses autophagy by phosphorylating ULK1 at Ser(56) to diminish pancreatic β cell function upon overnutrition.
AFF4 regulates osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells via mTOR-ULK1-autophagy axis.
Title: AFF4 regulates osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells via mTOR-ULK1-autophagy axis.
Role of CircCHD2 in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus by regulating autophagy via miR-33b-3p/ULK1 axis.
Title: Role of CircCHD2 in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus by regulating autophagy via miR-33b-3p/ULK1 axis.
An ULK1/2-PXN mechanotransduction pathway suppresses breast cancer cell migration.
Title: An ULK1/2-PXN mechanotransduction pathway suppresses breast cancer cell migration.
Interaction between STK33 and autophagy promoted renal cell carcinoma metastasis by regulating mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.
Title: Interaction between STK33 and autophagy promoted renal cell carcinoma metastasis by regulating mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.
ULK1 forms distinct oligomeric states and nanoscopic structures during autophagy initiation.
Title: ULK1 forms distinct oligomeric states and nanoscopic structures during autophagy initiation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (195)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Nef	nef	HIV-1 Nef downregulates the mRNA expression of ULK1 in human mesenchymal stem cells	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

ULK1_8802 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:467970

IB2452 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:60293

RH93440 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:84981

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein serine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables protein-containing complex binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables small GTPase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in autophagosome assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in autophagosome assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagy	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagy	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagy	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in autophagy of mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in axon extension	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in macroautophagy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in macroautophagy	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of collateral sprouting	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron projection development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron projection regeneration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of autophagosome assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in protein autophosphorylation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein autophosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein phosphorylation	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of macroautophagy	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of protein lipidation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in response to starvation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to starvation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in reticulophagy	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
is_active_in autophagosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in autophagosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in autophagosome membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in axon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in omegasome membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in phagophore assembly site	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in phagophore assembly site	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in phagophore assembly site membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in phagophore assembly site membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in recycling endosome	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1

Names: ATG1 autophagy related 1 homolog; autophagy-related protein 1 homolog

NP_003556.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_011537100.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_011537101.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_054229379.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_054229380.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_003565.4 → NP_003556.2 serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC131009

Consensus CDS

CCDS9274.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O75385, Q9UQ28

Related

ENSP00000324560.3, ENST00000321867.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd14202
Location:13 → 279

STKc_ULK1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Unc-51-like kinase 1

pfam12063
Location:878 → 1044

DUF3543; Domain of unknown function (DUF3543)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

131894622..131923150

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011538798.4 → XP_011537100.1 serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:16 → 278

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd14202
Location:13 → 279

STKc_ULK1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Unc-51-like kinase 1

pfam12063
Location:860 → 1067

DUF3543; Domain of unknown function (DUF3543)
XM_011538799.3 → XP_011537101.1 serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:16 → 278

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd14202
Location:13 → 279

STKc_ULK1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Unc-51-like kinase 1

pfam12063
Location:831 → 1038

DUF3543; Domain of unknown function (DUF3543)