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S surface glycoprotein [ Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ]

Gene ID: 43740568, updated on 8-Apr-2024

Summary

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Gene symbol
S
Gene description
surface glycoprotein
Locus tag
GU280_gp02
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (isolate: Wuhan-Hu-1, nat-host: Homo sapiens)
Lineage
Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Pisuviricota; Pisoniviricetes; Nidovirales; Cornidovirineae; Coronaviridae; Orthocoronavirinae; Betacoronavirus; Sarbecovirus
Also known as
spike glycoprotein
Summary
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Virus particles include the RNA genetic material and structural proteins needed for invasion of host cells. Once inside the cell the infecting RNA is used to encode structural proteins that make up virus particles, nonstructural proteins that direct virus assembly, transcription, replication and host control and accessory proteins whose function has not been determined.~ The structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 include the envelope protein (E), spike or surface glycoprotein (S), membrane protein (M) and the nucleocapsid protein (N). The spike glycoprotein is found on the outside of the virus particle and gives coronavirus viruses their crown-like appearance. This glycoprotein mediates attachment of the virus particle and entry into the host cell. S protein is an important target for vaccine development, antibody therapies and diagnostic antigen-based tests.
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Genomic context

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Sequence:
NC_045512.2 (21563..25384)

NC_045512.2Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ORF1a polyprotein;ORF1ab polyprotein Neighboring gene ORF3a protein Neighboring gene envelope protein

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:
NC_045512.2

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Effects of Different Types of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Circulating Monocytes' Structure. Vettori M, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2023 May 27. PMID 37298324, Free PMC Article
  2. A linear B-cell epitope close to the furin cleavage site within the S1 domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein discriminates the humoral immune response of nucleic acid- and protein-based vaccine cohorts. Lorenz P, et al. Front Immunol, 2023. PMID 37228598, Free PMC Article
  3. SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants harbor spike protein mutations responsible for their attenuated fusogenic phenotype. Park SB, et al. Commun Biol, 2023 May 24. PMID 37225764, Free PMC Article
  4. Evaluating the effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations with a linear doubly robust learner. Wang X, et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2023. PMID 37153142, Free PMC Article
  5. De novo design of protein interactions with learned surface fingerprints. Gainza P, et al. Nature, 2023 May. PMID 37100904, Free PMC Article

See all (799) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Distinctive Combinations of RBD Mutations Contribute to Antibody Evasion in the Case of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta Variant.
    Title: Distinctive Combinations of RBD Mutations Contribute to Antibody Evasion in the Case of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta Variant.
  2. Analysis of spike protein variants evolved in a novel in vivo long-term replication model for SARS-CoV-2.
    Title: Analysis of spike protein variants evolved in a novel in vivo long-term replication model for SARS-CoV-2.
  3. Early Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutants Are Diversified in Virologic Properties but Elicit Compromised Antibody Responses.
    Title: Early Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutants Are Diversified in Virologic Properties but Elicit Compromised Antibody Responses.
  4. The role of N-glycosylation in spike antigenicity for the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant.
    Title: The role of N-glycosylation in spike antigenicity for the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant.
  5. Structural basis and analysis of hamster ACE2 binding to different SARS-CoV-2 spike RBDs.
    Title: Structural basis and analysis of hamster ACE2 binding to different SARS-CoV-2 spike RBDs.
  6. The SARS-CoV-2 Spike is a virulence determinant and plays a major role on the attenuated phenotype of Omicron virus in a feline model of infection.
    Title: The SARS-CoV-2 Spike is a virulence determinant and plays a major role on the attenuated phenotype of Omicron virus in a feline model of infection.
  7. Mutation and codon bias analysis of the spike protein of Omicron, the recent variant of SARS-CoV-2.
    Title: Mutation and codon bias analysis of the spike protein of Omicron, the recent variant of SARS-CoV-2.
  8. Antibody evasion associated with the RBD significant mutations in several emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and its subvariants.
    Title: Antibody evasion associated with the RBD significant mutations in several emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and its subvariants.
  9. EFFECT OF RBD MUTATIONS IN SPIKE GLYCOPROTEIN OF SARS-COV-2 ON NEUTRALIZING IGG AFFINITY.
    Title: EFFECT OF RBD MUTATIONS IN SPIKE GLYCOPROTEIN OF SARS-COV-2 ON NEUTRALIZING IGG AFFINITY.
  10. Three-Dimensional Structural Stability and Local Electrostatic Potential at Point Mutations in Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus.
    Title: Three-Dimensional Structural Stability and Local Electrostatic Potential at Point Mutations in Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (541)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General protein information

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Preferred Names
surface glycoprotein
YP_009724390.1
  • structural protein; spike protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_045512.2 Reference assembly

    Range
    21563..25384
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. YP_009724390.1 surface glycoprotein [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0DTC2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A679G9E9, A0A6B9XJC0, A0A6C0QGH5, A0A6G7K2L4, A0A6G7K2M4, A0A6G7WEE2, A0A6G9HF12, A0A6G9ZWU8, A0A6H0JQ80, A0A6H1PJZ3, A0A6H1PMM5, A0A6H1PRU2, A0A6H1W0J3, A0A6H2EIN2, A0A6H2L6Y7, A0A6M3HLG5, A0A6M6IYS1, A0A6P3CTT1, A0A7D5UC98, A0A858Z311, A0A858Z325, A0A897EF70, A0A897FD82
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd21480
    Location:319 → 541
    SARS-CoV-2_Spike_S1_RBD; receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike (S) protein
    cd21624
    Location:13 → 304
    SARS-CoV-like_Spike_S1_NTD; N-terminal domain of the S1 subunit of the Spike (S) protein from Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and related betacoronaviruses in the B lineage
    pfam19214
    Location:1233 → 1273
    CoV_S2_C; Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion
    cd22378
    Location:543 → 1208
    SARS-CoV-like_Spike_SD1-2_S1-S2_S2; SD-1 and SD-2 subdomains, the S1/S2 cleavage region, and the S2 fusion subunit of the spike (S) glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and related betacoronaviruses in the B lineage
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P0DTC2.1 P0DTC2

Gene LinkOut

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