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MGST1 microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4257, updated on 7-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
MGST1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7061
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000008394 MIM:138330; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7061
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
MGST; PMAN; GST12; MGST-I
Summary
The MAPEG (Membrane Associated Proteins in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism) family consists of six human proteins, two of which are involved in the production of leukotrienes and prostaglandin E, important mediators of inflammation. Other family members, demonstrating glutathione S-transferase and peroxidase activities, are involved in cellular defense against toxic, carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds. This gene encodes a protein that catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to electrophiles and the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides. This protein is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and outer mitochondrial membrane where it is thought to protect these membranes from oxidative stress. Several transcript variants, some non-protein coding and some protein coding, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]
Expression
Biased expression in fat (RPKM 182.4), liver (RPKM 177.8) and 13 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Genomic context

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Location:
12p12.3
Exon count:
13
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (16347115..16593331)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (16224568..16466967)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (16500049..16530126)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs798 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3277 Neighboring gene deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase Neighboring gene egl-9 family hypoxia-inducible factor 3 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928362 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 15 member 5 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16499669-16500598 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16501529-16502458 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9686 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16535292-16535885 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16535886-16536478 Neighboring gene SPT16 homolog, facilitates chromatin remodeling subunit pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16602892-16603466 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16603467-16604039 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs607 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16703865-16704366 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs336 Neighboring gene GOT2 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16757530-16758030 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:16762919-16763418 Neighboring gene LIM domain only 3 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs661 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105369677 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:17135721-17136920 Neighboring gene S-phase kinase associated protein 1 pseudogene 2

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 targets the autophagy signaling pathway to suppress ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells. Peng Z, et al. Hum Exp Toxicol, 2023 Jan-Dec. PMID 37161854
  2. MGST1 is a redox-sensitive repressor of ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Kuang F, et al. Cell Chem Biol, 2021 Jun 17. PMID 33539732
  3. Knockdown of microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Zeng B, et al. Biomed Pharmacother, 2020 Jan. PMID 31707341
  4. Global Kinetic Mechanism of Microsomal Glutathione Transferase 1 and Insights into Dynamic Enzyme Activation. Spahiu L, et al. Biochemistry, 2017 Jun 20. PMID 28558199, Free PMC Article
  5. Germline variation in inflammation-related pathways and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Buas MF, et al. Gut, 2017 Oct. PMID 27486097, Free PMC Article

See all (70) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. A role for microsomal glutathione transferase 1 in melanin biosynthesis and melanoma progression.
    Title: A role for microsomal glutathione transferase 1 in melanin biosynthesis and melanoma progression.
  2. Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 targets the autophagy signaling pathway to suppress ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells.
    Title: Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 targets the autophagy signaling pathway to suppress ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells.
  3. MiR-379-5p targets microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) to regulate human glioma in cell proliferation, migration and invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
    Title: MiR-379-5p targets microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) to regulate human glioma in cell proliferation, migration and invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
  4. MGST1 is a redox-sensitive repressor of ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.
    Title: MGST1 is a redox-sensitive repressor of ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.
  5. MGST1 plays an important role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)tumorigenesis and might serve as a potential prognostic factor and therapeutic target in LUAD.
    Title: Knockdown of microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis.
  6. High MGST1 expression is associated with Bendamustine-resistance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma.
    Title: Establishment and Characteristics of a Novel Mantle Cell Lymphoma-derived Cell Line and a Bendamustine-resistant Subline.
  7. Significant association for germline variations only in the COX pathway (specifically in the antioxidant microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [MGST1] gene), with risk for Barrett's esophagus and the combined outcome of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma was found.
    Title: Biomarkers of Barrett's Esophagus: From the Laboratory to Clinical Practice.
  8. This study provides the most comprehensive evaluation of inflammation-related germline variation in relation to risk of BE/OA and suggests that variants in MGST1 influence disease susceptibility.
    Title: Germline variation in inflammation-related pathways and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
  9. The MSGT1 displays a preexisting dynamic equilibrium between high- and low-activity forms.
    Title: Global Kinetic Mechanism of Microsomal Glutathione Transferase 1 and Insights into Dynamic Enzyme Activation.
  10. possibly marked variations in NB mitochondrial homeostasis, they also imply that the results of these earlier studies using NB cells are not transferable to other tumor and cell types that express MGST1 at high concentrations.
    Title: Absence of MGST1 mRNA and protein expression in human neuroblastoma cell lines and primary tissue.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome wide association study (GWAS) of Chagas cardiomyopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi seropositive subjects.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC14525

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutathione peroxidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutathione transferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glutathione transferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to lipid hydroperoxide IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glutathione transport IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in azurophil granule membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in peroxisomal membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1
Names
glutathione S-transferase 12
microsomal GST-1
microsomal GST-I
peritoneal metastasis associated long noncoding RNA
NP_001247440.1
NP_001247441.1
NP_001254527.1
NP_001401284.1
NP_001401285.1
NP_001401286.1
NP_001401287.1
NP_001401288.1
NP_001401289.1
NP_001401290.1
NP_001401291.1
NP_001401292.1
NP_001401293.1
NP_001401294.1
NP_001401295.1
NP_001401296.1
NP_001401297.1
NP_001401298.1
NP_001401299.1
NP_001401300.1
NP_001401301.1
NP_001401302.1
NP_001401303.1
NP_064696.1
NP_665707.1
NP_665734.1
NP_665735.1
XP_047284811.1
XP_047284812.1
XP_047284813.1
XP_047284814.1
XP_054228039.1
XP_054228040.1
XP_054228041.1
XP_054228042.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001260511.2 → NP_001247440.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001247440.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1-5 all encode the same isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AW166965, BC005923, BG569388, BG617746
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8677.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6LET6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01124
    Location:16 → 149
    MAPEG; MAPEG family

  2. NM_001260512.2 → NP_001247441.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001247441.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) differs in the 5' UTR and contains an alternate coding exon compared to variant 1, that causes a frameshift. The resulting isoform (b) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528, AW166965, BC005923, BE568125, BG617746
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P10620
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG1232
    Location:8 → 84
    HemY; Protoporphyrinogen oxidase [Coenzyme transport and metabolism]

  3. NM_001267598.2 → NP_001254527.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254527.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (8) differs in the 5' UTR and has an alternate exon in place of the last exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528, BC056863, BG617746
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS58209.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5H7F6
    Related
    ENSP00000438308.1, ENST00000535309.5

  4. NM_001414355.1 → NP_001401284.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform d

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  5. NM_001414356.1 → NP_001401285.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform e

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  6. NM_001414357.1 → NP_001401286.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620

  7. NM_001414358.1 → NP_001401287.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620

  8. NM_001414359.1 → NP_001401288.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620

  9. NM_001414360.1 → NP_001401289.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform f

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  10. NM_001414361.1 → NP_001401290.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform f

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  11. NM_001414362.1 → NP_001401291.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform g

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  12. NM_001414363.1 → NP_001401292.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform h

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  13. NM_001414364.1 → NP_001401293.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform h

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  14. NM_001414365.1 → NP_001401294.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform i

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    Related
    ENSP00000442767.1, ENST00000543076.5

  15. NM_001414366.1 → NP_001401295.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform j

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  16. NM_001414367.1 → NP_001401296.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform k

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  17. NM_001414368.1 → NP_001401297.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform l

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  18. NM_001414369.1 → NP_001401298.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform m

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  19. NM_001414370.1 → NP_001401299.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform n

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    Related
    ENSP00000442557.1, ENST00000536371.5

  20. NM_001414371.1 → NP_001401300.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform o

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  21. NM_001414372.1 → NP_001401301.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform p

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  22. NM_001414373.1 → NP_001401302.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform q

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5H613
    Related
    ENSP00000437988.1, ENST00000540056.5

  23. NM_001414374.1 → NP_001401303.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform q

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5H613

  24. NM_020300.5 → NP_064696.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_064696.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2, also called 1b) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1-5 all encode the same isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AW166965, BC005923, BG617746
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8677.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6LET6
    Related
    ENSP00000379513.3, ENST00000396210.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01124
    Location:16 → 149
    MAPEG; MAPEG family

  25. NM_145764.3 → NP_665707.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_665707.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4, also called 1d) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1-5 all encode the same isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AW166965, BC005923, J03746
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8677.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6LET6
    Related
    ENSP00000379510.1, ENST00000396207.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01124
    Location:16 → 149
    MAPEG; MAPEG family

  26. NM_145791.3 → NP_665734.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_665734.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3, also called 1c) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1-5 all encode the same isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AA314967, AV655242, AW166965, BC005923
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8677.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6LET6
    Related
    ENSP00000379512.1, ENST00000396209.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01124
    Location:16 → 149
    MAPEG; MAPEG family

  27. NM_145792.3 → NP_665735.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_665735.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1, also called 1a) encodes isoform a. Variants 1-5 all encode the same isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528, AW166965, BC005923, R86750
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8677.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K533, G5EA53, P10620
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6LET6
    Related
    ENSP00000010404.2, ENST00000010404.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01124
    Location:16 → 149
    MAPEG; MAPEG family

RNA

  1. NR_048545.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the first exon and lacks an internal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as noncoding because the predicted protein is shorter than 60 aa, and there is no support for the existence of this protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AW166965, BC005923, BG778603

  2. NR_048547.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (9) differs in the first exon and lacks an internal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as noncoding because the predicted protein is shorter than 60 aa, and there is no support for the existence of this protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA314967, AW166965, BC005923

  3. NR_182294.1 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

  4. NR_182295.1 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007528

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    16347115..16593331
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047428855.1 → XP_047284811.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X1

  2. XM_047428858.1 → XP_047284814.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X3

  3. XM_047428856.1 → XP_047284812.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X2

  4. XM_047428857.1 → XP_047284813.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X2

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    16224568..16466967
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054372064.1 → XP_054228039.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X1

  2. XM_054372067.1 → XP_054228042.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X3

  3. XM_054372065.1 → XP_054228040.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X2

  4. XM_054372066.1 → XP_054228041.1  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 isoform X2

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P10620.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P10620

Gene LinkOut

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