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mle maleless [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

Gene ID: 35523, updated on 10-May-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
mleprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name
malelessprovided by FlyBase
Primary source
FLYBASE:FBgn0002774
Locus tag
Dmel_CG11680
See related
AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0002774
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as
CG11680; dDHX9; DDX9; Dmel\CG11680; mak; Mle; MLE; mll; mls; nap; nap[ts]
Summary
Enables 3'-5' RNA helicase activity; RNA binding activity; and chromatin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including axon extension; male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production; and regulation of gene expression. Located in chromosome and cytosol. Part of MSL complex. Is expressed in adult head. Used to study epilepsy. Orthologous to human DHX9 (DExH-box helicase 9). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
42A6-42A6; 2-55 cM
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) 2R NT_033778.4 (5974857..5980778, complement)
Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) 2R NT_033778.3 (1862362..1868283, complement)

Chromosome 2R - NT_033778.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene long non-coding RNA:CR44127 Neighboring gene Bub1-related kinase Neighboring gene Src oncogene at 42A Neighboring gene Actin 42A

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. [Diversity of MLE Helicase Functions in the Regulation of Gene Expression in Higher Eukaryotes]. Nikolenko JV, et al. Mol Biol (Mosk), 2023 Jan-Feb. PMID 36976736
  2. Effect of reduced impulse activity on the development of identified motor terminals in Drosophila larvae. Lnenicka GA, et al. J Neurobiol, 2003 Feb 5. PMID 12500309
  3. Dissociated neurons from normal and mutant Drosophila larval central nervous system in cell culture. Wu CF, et al. J Neurosci, 1983 Sep. PMID 6310066, Free PMC Article
  4. Analysis of the dosage compensation of a specific transcript in Drosophila melanogaster. Breen TR, et al. Genetics, 1986 Mar. PMID 3082711, Free PMC Article
  5. Differentiation and central projections of peripheral sensory cells with action-potential block in Drosophila mosaics. Burg MG, et al. J Neurosci, 1986 Oct. PMID 3020189, Free PMC Article

See all (356) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Interaction of MLE with CLAMP zinc finger is involved in proper MSL proteins binding to chromosomes in Drosophila.
    Title: Interaction of MLE with CLAMP zinc finger is involved in proper MSL proteins binding to chromosomes in Drosophila.
  2. Structural basis of RNA-induced autoregulation of the DExH-type RNA helicase maleless.
    Title: Structural basis of RNA-induced autoregulation of the DExH-type RNA helicase maleless.
  3. [Diversity of MLE Helicase Functions in the Regulation of Gene Expression in Higher Eukaryotes].
    Title: [Diversity of MLE Helicase Functions in the Regulation of Gene Expression in Higher Eukaryotes].
  4. MLE Helicase Is a New Participant in the Transcription Regulation of the ftz-f1 Gene Encoding Nuclear Receptor in Higher Eukaryotes.
    Title: MLE Helicase Is a New Participant in the Transcription Regulation of the ftz-f1 Gene Encoding Nuclear Receptor in Higher Eukaryotes.
  5. ENY2 Protein Interacts with RNA Helicase MLE
    Title: Multifunctional ENY2 Protein Interacts with RNA Helicase MLE.
  6. Structure, dynamics and roX2-lncRNA binding of tandem double-stranded RNA binding domains dsRBD1,2 of Drosophila helicase Maleless has been reported.
    Title: Structure, dynamics and roX2-lncRNA binding of tandem double-stranded RNA binding domains dsRBD1,2 of Drosophila helicase Maleless.
  7. our research provides structural insights into the interactions between MLE dsRBDs and R2H1 and facilitates a deeper understanding of the mechanism by which MLE tandem dsRBDs play an indispensable role in specific recognition of roX and the assembly of the MSL-DCC in Drosophila dosage compensation.
    Title: Structural insights reveal the specific recognition of roX RNA by the dsRNA-binding domains of the RNA helicase MLE and its indispensable role in dosage compensation in Drosophila.
  8. We have employed a systems biology approach (microarray) to investigate the global aneuploid effect of the maleless (mle) mutation that disrupts the binding of male specific lethal (MSL) proteins that function in dosage compensation.
    Title: Drosophila maleless gene counteracts X global aneuploid effects in males.
  9. MLE specifically targets hairpin RNAs at their site of transcription. The association of MLE at these sites is independent of sequence and chromosome location
    Title: The Drosophila Helicase MLE Targets Hairpin Structures in Genomic Transcripts.
  10. The Drosophila Helicase MLE is Implicated in Functions Distinct From its Role in Dosage Compensation
    Title: The Drosophila Helicase Maleless (MLE) is Implicated in Functions Distinct From its Role in Dosage Compensation.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables 3'-5' DNA helicase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables 3'-5' DNA/RNA helicase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables 3'-5' RNA helicase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables ATP hydrolysis activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables DNA helicase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables RNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables RNA binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables RNA helicase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables chromatin binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables double-stranded DNA binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables double-stranded RNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables double-stranded RNA binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 PubMed 
enables helicase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 PubMed 
enables helicase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables nucleic acid binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables regulatory region RNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA duplex unwinding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in axon extension IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in determination of adult lifespan IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in dosage compensation by hyperactivation of X chromosome NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of heterochromatin formation IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cytoplasmic translation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in regulation of mRNA processing IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in regulation of mRNA processing ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in sex-chromosome dosage compensation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in sex-chromosome dosage compensation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in sex-chromosome dosage compensation TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of MSL complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in X chromosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of X chromosome located dosage compensation complex, transcription activating NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
part_of chromatin IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in chromosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in intracellular anatomical structure IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nuclear chromosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in nucleolus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in polytene chromosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
maleless
Names
CG11680-PA
CG11680-PC
male lethal
male-killer
male-lethal
maleless-no-action potential
mle-PA
mle-PC
no action potential
no-action-potential
NP_476641.1
NP_724440.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NT_033778.4 Reference assembly

    Range
    5974857..5980778 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_165451.3 → NP_724440.1  maleless, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_724440.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    I1V4Y3
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00487
    Location:36 → 212
    DEXDc; DEAD-like helicases superfamily
    smart00847
    Location:485 → 569
    HA2; Helicase associated domain (HA2) Add an annotation
    cd00046
    Location:45 → 185
    DEXDc; DEAD-like helicases superfamily. A diverse family of proteins involved in ATP-dependent RNA or DNA unwinding. This domain contains the ATP-binding region.
    pfam00271
    Location:286 → 415
    Helicase_C; Helicase conserved C-terminal domain
    pfam07717
    Location:617 → 721
    OB_NTP_bind; Oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB)-fold
    cl21478
    Location:227 → 287
    ATP-synt_B; ATP synthase B/B' CF(0)

  2. NM_057293.4 → NP_476641.1  maleless, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476641.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P24785, Q86NQ4, Q9V9J1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3STG6
    Related
    FBpp0085367
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    COG1643
    Location:359 → 1059
    HrpA; HrpA-like RNA helicase [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis]
    cd17972
    Location:326 → 559
    DEXHc_DHX9; DEXH-box helicase domain of DEAH-box helicase 9
    cd19854
    Location:2 → 70
    DSRM_DHX9_rpt1; first double-stranded RNA binding motif of DEAH box protein 9 (DHX9) and similar proteins
    cd19855
    Location:167 → 241
    DSRM_DHX9_rpt2; second double-stranded RNA binding motif of DEAH box protein 9 (DHX9) and similar proteins
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
5AOR_A.1
5AOR_B.1
P24785.2 P24785

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