IFNA1 interferon alpha 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: IFNA1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: interferon alpha 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:5417
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000197919 MIM:147660; AllianceGenome:HGNC:5417
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: IFL; IFN; IFNA@; IFNA13; leIF D; IFN-ALPHA; IFN-alphaD
Summary: This gene is a member of the alpha interferon gene cluster on chromosome 9. The encoded cytokine is a member of the type I interferon family that is produced in response to viral infection as a key part of the innate immune response with potent antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory properties. This cytokine, like other type I interferons, binds a plasma membrane receptor made of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 that is ubiquitously expressed, and thus is able to act on virtually all body cells. This cytokine is upregulated in preeclamptic placentas and is thought to be a mediator of preeclampsia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
Annotation information: Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in cytokine storm inflammatory response.
NEW: Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Location:: 9p21.3

Exon count:: 1

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	9	NC_000009.12 (21440439..21441316)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	9	NC_060933.1 (21454606..21455483)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	9	NC_000009.11 (21440438..21441315)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

Go to the top of the page Help

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Interferon-alpha induces differentiation of cancer stem cells and immunosuppression in hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating CXCL8 secretion.
Title: Interferon-α induces differentiation of cancer stem cells and immunosuppression in hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating CXCL8 secretion.
Hemolysis-driven IFNalpha production impairs erythropoiesis by negatively regulating EPO signaling in sickle cell disease.
Title: Hemolysis-driven IFNα production impairs erythropoiesis by negatively regulating EPO signaling in sickle cell disease.
Severe COVID-19 and long COVID are associated with high expression of STING, cGAS and IFN-alpha.
Title: Severe COVID-19 and long COVID are associated with high expression of STING, cGAS and IFN-α.
Role of IFN-alpha in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Title: Role of IFN-α in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Endosomal trafficking inhibitor EGA can control TLR7-mediated IFNalpha expression by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Title: Endosomal trafficking inhibitor EGA can control TLR7-mediated IFNα expression by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Chinese Pedigree of Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis Due to STAT1 Gain-of-Function Mutation: A Case Study and Literature Review.
Title: Chinese Pedigree of Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis Due to STAT1 Gain-of-Function Mutation: A Case Study and Literature Review.
Mechanism of SUMOylation-Mediated Regulation of Type I IFN Expression.
Title: Mechanism of SUMOylation-Mediated Regulation of Type I IFN Expression.
Role of interferons (IFNs) in the differentiation of T peripheral helper (Tph) cells.
Title: Role of interferons (IFNs) in the differentiation of T peripheral helper (Tph) cells.
Activation of the AIM2 Receptor in Circulating Cells of Post-COVID-19 Patients With Signs of Lung Fibrosis Is Associated With the Release of IL-1alpha, IFN-alpha and TGF-beta.
Title: Activation of the AIM2 Receptor in Circulating Cells of Post-COVID-19 Patients With Signs of Lung Fibrosis Is Associated With the Release of IL-1α, IFN-α and TGF-β.
The A150V Polymorphism of Genotype 3 Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase Inhibits Interferon Alfa by Suppressing Protein Kinase R Activation.
Title: The A150V Polymorphism of Genotype 3 Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase Inhibits Interferon Alfa by Suppressing Protein Kinase R Activation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (264)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
HIV-1 replication is restricted by IFNA1/IFNA2 independent of MX2 (MxB) in THP-1, HT-1080, and U87 cells	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	Env-dependent HIV-1 MA (p17)/LAMP1 co-localization (lysosomal targeting) in monocyte-derived macrophages is induced by exogenous IFNA1 treatment	PubMed
	env	Cytokines induced in vitro by HIV-1 gp120 in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) include interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, IL-10, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta	PubMed
	env	The low mannose-level gp120 induces higher activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells by upregulation of IFN-alpha, PD-L1, CD40, CCR7, CD80, and CD86 than the high mannose-level gp120 does	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp120-mediated inhibition of IFN-alpha production involves CD4 and BDCA2 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp120 inhibits CpG-A-induced secretion of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta proteins in PBMCs	PubMed
	env	TLR-9-induced IFN-alpha production is inhibited by both monomeric and trimeric HIV-1 gp120 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC)	PubMed
	env	Interferon-alpha- and interferon-gamma-induced sialoadhesin-expressing monocytes adsorb HIV-1 through interaction with the sialic acid residues on the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120	PubMed
	env	Treatment of cells with IFN reduces HIV-1 gp120 incorporation, as well as HIV-1 envelope-mediated incorporation of ICAM-1, into virions resulting in viruses that exhibit a significantly decreased ability to become bound to CD4+ target cells	PubMed
	env	Interaction of HIV-1 gp120 with cell-associated CD4 leads to the induction of IFN alpha; preincubation of cells with anti-CD4 or the presence of soluble CD4 during incubation inhibits IFN alpha induction	PubMed
	env	Sulfate containing galactolipids such as sulfatides on responder cells may be part of the HIV-1 gp120-membrane complex that initiates the induction of interferon (IFN)	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp41 or gp120 synthetic peptides induce the production of interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF); in contrast, gp41 or gp120 synthetic peptides are able to depress the production of interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-2	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp120-specific cell mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) is enhanced by IL-2 or the combination of IL-2 and IFN-alpha	PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	env	HIV-1 Vpr inhibits an antiviral IFNA1 (interferon, alpha 1) response in MDM cells that restricts HIV-1 Env/gp160 and Gag/pr55 production	PubMed
	env	IFN-alpha treated effector clones (gp120+CD8+ HPB-ALL/HIV) simultaneously downregulate CD8 expression and upregulate expression of both major histocompatibility antigen complex class I (MHC-I) and HIV-1 gp120/gp160	PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41	env	Env-dependent HIV-1 MA (p17)/LAMP1 co-localization (lysosomal targeting) in monocyte-derived macrophages is abrogated by exogenous IFNA1 treatment	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp41 selectively enhances MHC class I, ICAM-1, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-omega expression in H9 cells	PubMed
Nef	nef	HIV-1 Nef disrupts IFNA1 signalling during HIV-1 infection of primary CD4+ T cells and CEM cells	PubMed
	nef	HIV-1 isolate R3A Nef mutants G2, WL58, RR106, LL165, E160NNSLL165, and DD175 fail to induce release of IFN-alpha in pDCs, suggesting that the Nef function responsible for CD4 downregulation is crucial for pDCs stimulation by R3A	PubMed
	nef	A highly pathogenic HIV-1 isolate R3A induces release of IFN-alpha in a Nef-dependent manner in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs)	PubMed
Pr55(Gag)	gag	HIV-1 Vpr inhibits an antiviral IFNA1 (interferon, alpha 1) response in MDM cells that restricts HIV-1 Env/gp160 and Gag/pr55 production	PubMed
	gag	Interferon alpha inhibits the release of HIV-1 Gag/capsid proteins from infected cells by inducing changes in posttranslational modifications of Gag proteins	PubMed
	gag	HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles induce production of IFN-alpha in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, which leads to upregulated expression of APOBEC3G/F and increased incorporation of APOBEC3G/F into nascent virions	PubMed
Tat	tat	HIV-1 Tat upregulates the production of cytokines, including TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-alpha1, and IFN-gamma, in human monocyte derived-dendritic cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat inhibits CpG-A-induced secretion of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta proteins in PBMCs	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat upregulates IFN-alpha secretion by macrophages, an effect that augments MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta secretion and induces immunosuppression of uninfected T cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat enhances translation of the interferon-inducible enzymes 2-5A synthetase and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, suggesting interaction of Tat with interferons during HIV-1 replication	PubMed
	tat	IFN treatment significantly reduces HIV-1 mRNA levels from a Tat defective provirus, suggesting Tat can overcome the inhibitory effects of IFN on HIV-1 replication	PubMed
Vif	vif	IFN-alpha enhances APOBEC3G expression and inhibits suppression of APOBEC3G by HIV-1 Vif	PubMed
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr-mediated reduction of HIV-1 MA (p17)/LAMP1 co-localization (lysosomal targeting) in monocyte-derived macrophages is abrogated by exogenous IFNA1 treatment in the presence of Env	PubMed
	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr inhibits an antiviral IFNA1 (interferon, alpha 1) response in MDM cells that restricts HIV-1 Env/gp160 and Gag/pr55 production	PubMed
	vpr	Synthetic HIV-1 Vpr substantially inhibits type I IFN-alpha production by pDCs without inducing apoptosis in pDCs	PubMed
	vpr	Exposure of rat or human cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons to Vpr rapidly increases cytosolic Ca2+ and expression of IFN-alpha and MX-1 are also increased in vpr-transgenic animals compared to control animals	PubMed
Vpu	vpu	Vpu-mediated suppresion of IFNA (IFN-1) production requires engagement and activation of the LILRA4 (ILT7) plasmacytoid dendritic cell receptor by BST2	PubMed
	vpu	Vpu attenuates IFNA (IFN-1) production upon sensing of HIV-infected cells by plasmacytoid dendritic cells	PubMed
	vpu	Vpu modulates IFNA (IFN-1) production by PBMCs following contact with HIV-infected CD4+ T cells	PubMed
	vpu	HIV-1 Vpu disrupts IFNA1 signalling during HIV-1 infection of primary CD4+ T cells and CEM cells	PubMed
	vpu	IFN-alpha and IFN-beta increase SCYL2 expression and the increase induces PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of Vpu, suggesting that SCYL2 affects Vpu function through a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism	PubMed
	vpu	IFNalpha/ribavirin treatment in vivo induces APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and BST-2 expression and results in hyper-mutations in viral genome and A11G/S61A mutations in HIV-1 Vpu. These two mutations in Vpu enhance the interaction between BST-2 and Vpu	PubMed
	vpu	IFN alpha induces retention of viral particles on the surface of fibroblasts, T cells, or primary lymphocytes infected with HIV-1 lacking the Vpu protein. HIV-1 Vpu counteracts the IFNalpha-induced retention of virus particles	PubMed
capsid	gag	HIV-1 CA mutants N74D and P90A fail to bind to CPSF6 and cyclophilins (Nup358 and CypA), respectively, and trigger innate sensors, leading to nuclear translocation of NFkappaB and IRF3, production of type 1 IFN and induction of an antiviral state	PubMed
	gag	Cells treatment with IFN-alpha and IFN-beta inhibit HIV-1 replication with decreased levels of p24 in a dose-dependent manner	PubMed
matrix	gag	HIV-1 MA (p17)/LAMP-1 colocalization (lysosomal targeting) in monocyte-derived macrophages is induced by exogenous IFNA1 treatment, but ONLY in presence of Env	PubMed
reverse transcriptase	gag-pol	Infection of IFN-alpha-treated primary macrophages, dendritic cells, and activated PBLs by HIV-2 and SIVmac is inhibited more potently than HIV-1 and the differential inhibition by IFN-alpha is caused by defects of vDNA accumulation by RT activity	PubMed
	gag-pol	IFN-alpha interferes with the initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription resulting in a significant reduction in the relative levels of HIV-1 proviral DNA	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

SGC35616 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:65811

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:490313

IFNA13_1293 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277347

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:482161

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:485784

STS-J00210 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:22250

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:481774

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables type I interferon receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in B cell differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in B cell proliferation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in T cell activation involved in immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in adaptive immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to virus	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in defense response to virus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in humoral immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to exogenous dsRNA	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help

Preferred Names: interferon alpha-1/13

Names: IFN-alpha-1/13; interferon alpha 1b; interferon alpha-D; interferon-alpha1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.