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Dld dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 298942, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Dldprovided by RGD
Official Full Name
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenaseprovided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:735073
See related
Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000006364 AllianceGenome:RGD:735073
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. A similar protein in human, mouse, and pig has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. In homodimeric form, the protein functions as a dehydrogenase and is found in several multi-enzyme complexes that regulate energy metabolism. However, as a monomer, the protein can function as a protease. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Expression
Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 1345.2), Muscle (RPKM 871.3) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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Location:
6q16
Exon count:
17
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 6 NC_086024.1 (53631686..53655059, complement)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 6 NC_051341.1 (47904153..47924814, complement)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 6 NC_005105.4 (50597677..50618694, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_086024.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene serine palmitoyltransferase small subunit A pseudogene Neighboring gene laminin subunit beta 1 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 26 member 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC102555378 Neighboring gene Cbl proto-oncogene like 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Cytotoxic mechanism related to dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in Leydig cells exposed to heavy metals. Ji X, et al. Toxicology, 2015 Aug 6. PMID 25981801
  2. Changes in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase expression and activity during postnatal development and aging in the rat brain. Yan LJ, et al. Mech Ageing Dev, 2008 May. PMID 18316113, Free PMC Article
  3. Cytosolic and mitochondrial systems for NADH- and NADPH-dependent reduction of alpha-lipoic acid. Haramaki N, et al. Free Radic Biol Med, 1997. PMID 8981046
  4. Spectral properties of fluorescent flavoproteins of isolated rat liver mitochondria. Kunz WS. FEBS Lett, 1986 Jan 20. PMID 3753688
  5. Effects of insulin treatment on HuC/HuD, NADH diaphorase, and nNOS-positive myoenteric neurons of the duodenum of adult rats with acute diabetes. de Mello ST, et al. Dig Dis Sci, 2009 Apr. PMID 18661235

See all (28) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. These results, together with the findings that the protein contents of DLDH, sirt3, and NQO1 all are decreased in the diabetic lung, demonstrate that redox imbalance, mitochondrial abnormality, and oxidative stress contribute to lung injury in diabetes.
    Title: Redox imbalance and mitochondrial abnormalities in the diabetic lung.
  2. DLD is down-regulation and related to steroid biosynthesis in Leyig cells exposed to heavy metals; cAMP/PKA act as downstream effector molecules of DLD, which activate phosphorylation of ERK1/2 to initiate the steroidogenesis.
    Title: Cytotoxic mechanism related to dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in Leydig cells exposed to heavy metals.
  3. Density of NADHd-positive myoenteric neurons increased in experimental diabetes.
    Title: Effects of insulin treatment on HuC/HuD, NADH diaphorase, and nNOS-positive myoenteric neurons of the duodenum of adult rats with acute diabetes.
  4. Changes in Dld expression and activity during postnatal development and aging are reported.
    Title: Changes in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase expression and activity during postnatal development and aging in the rat brain.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables NAD binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
contributes_to branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables lipoamide binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
contributes_to pyruvate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in branched-chain amino acid catabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in dihydrolipoamide metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within gastrulation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in lipoate metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within proteolysis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of membrane potential ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within sperm capacitation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in acrosomal matrix ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in acrosomal vesicle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cilium ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrial matrix ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in motile cilium IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
part_of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
part_of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Names
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, 2-oxo-glutarate complex, branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase complex)
NP_955417.1
XP_008762812.1
XP_038967889.1
XP_063117729.1
XP_063117730.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_199385.2 → NP_955417.1  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_955417.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    FM044626, FM046215, FM087994, FM093110, FM100976, FM139628
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q6P6R2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8L2Q3R1, A6HB44
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000008980.5, ENSRNOT00000008980.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR01350
    Location:43 → 508
    lipoamide_DH; dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086024.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    53631686..53655059 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_063261659.1 → XP_063117729.1  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q6P6R2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6HB44

  2. XM_039111961.1 → XP_038967889.1  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I5ZXS2, A0A8L2Q3R1
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000083816.1, ENSRNOT00000103902.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl39093
    Location:36 → 501
    Pyr_redox_2; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase

  3. XM_008764590.4 → XP_008762812.1  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8L2Q3R1
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000084511.1
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    TIGR01350
    Location:41 → 506
    lipoamide_DH; dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
    pfam00070
    Location:213 → 286
    Pyr_redox; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase
    pfam02852
    Location:388 → 494
    Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
    cl21454
    Location:43 → 220
    NADB_Rossmann; Rossmann-fold NAD(P)(+)-binding proteins

  4. XM_063261660.1 → XP_063117730.1  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X4

Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q6P6R2.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q6P6R2

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