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Grm3 glutamate metabotropic receptor 3 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 24416, updated on 2-May-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Grm3provided by RGD
Official Full Name
glutamate metabotropic receptor 3provided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:2744
See related
Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000005519 AllianceGenome:RGD:2744
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
mGluR3
Summary
Enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity and scaffold protein binding activity. Involved in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. Located in astrocyte projection and axon. Orthologous to human GRM3 (glutamate metabotropic receptor 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Restricted expression toward (RPKM 261.3) See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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Location:
4q12
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 4 NC_086022.1 (25319218..25600721)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 4 NC_051339.1 (24364854..24643972)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 4 NC_005103.4 (21316761..21567561)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S6, pseudogene 11 Neighboring gene translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 homolog A-like Neighboring gene endosome-lysosome associated apoptosis and autophagy regulator family member 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC108350658 Neighboring gene microRNA 879

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Amyloid-beta neurotoxicity and clearance are both regulated by glial group II metabotropic glutamate receptors. Durand D, et al. Neuropharmacology, 2017 Sep 1. PMID 28495373
  2. Antiparkinsonian action of a selective group III mGlu receptor agonist is associated with reversal of subthalamonigral overactivity. Lopez S, et al. Neurobiol Dis, 2012 Apr. PMID 22245662
  3. Site-specific unglycosylation to improve crystallization of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 extracellular domain. Muto T, et al. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 2009 Mar 1. PMID 19255473, Free PMC Article
  4. Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors act as hetero-receptors modulating evoked GABA release in the globus pallidus in vivo. Macinnes N, et al. Eur J Pharmacol, 2008 Feb 2. PMID 18035348
  5. Posttraumatic secondary brain insults exacerbates neuronal injury by altering metabotropic glutamate receptors. Fei Z, et al. BMC Neurosci, 2007 Nov 17. PMID 18021417, Free PMC Article

See all (58) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. ERalphaDelta4, an ERalpha splice variant missing exon4, interacts with caveolin-3 and mGluR2/3.
    Title: ERαΔ4, an ERα splice variant missing exon4, interacts with caveolin-3 and mGluR2/3.
  2. significant decrease in mGluR5 mRNA expression with a resultant increased expression of mGluR3 mRNA expression and hypermethylation of mGluR1 gene across both generations of rats, is reported.
    Title: Transgenerational deep sequencing revealed hypermethylation of hippocampal mGluR1 gene with altered mRNA expression of mGluR5 and mGluR3 associated with behavioral changes in Sprague Dawley rats with history of prolonged febrile seizure.
  3. studies illustrate the significant contribution of mGluR2 to the antipsychotic-like, sleep and EEG effects of drugs acting on group II mGluRs; however, we also provide evidence of a role for mGluR3 activity in the control of sleep and wake cortical theta and gamma oscillations
    Title: Investigating the role of mGluR2 versus mGluR3 in antipsychotic-like effects, sleep-wake architecture and network oscillatory activity using novel Han Wistar rats lacking mGluR2 expression.
  4. Results indicate a double function for glial mGlu3R activation against Abeta neurotoxicity: (i) it increases the release of protective neurotrophins such as sAPPalpha and BDNF, and (ii) it induces amyloid removal from extracellular space by glia-mediated phagocytosis.
    Title: Amyloid-beta neurotoxicity and clearance are both regulated by glial group II metabotropic glutamate receptors.
  5. Findings suggest a time dependent evolving pattern of mGluR2/3 density during the pathogenesis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and provide insights for utilizing this data for in vivo imaging to predict the specific time points and responsiveness to the therapy targeting mGluR2/3.
    Title: Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 density and its relation to the hippocampal neuropathology in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy in rats.
  6. Study aimed at further characterizing the effects of prenatal immune activation on 5-HT2A and mGlu2/3 receptor function in male and female rat offspring
    Title: Maternal lipopolysaccharide treatment differentially affects 5-HT(2A) and mGlu2/3 receptor function in the adult male and female rat offspring.
  7. This study demonstrated that the Male prenatal chronic mild stress rats expressed significantly higher mGluR2/3 in the prefrontal cortex but lower in female amygalda.
    Title: Prenatal chronic mild stress induces depression-like behavior and sex-specific changes in regional glutamate receptor expression patterns in adult rats.
  8. The results of these studies implicate mGlu3 as a major regulator of PFC function and cognition.
    Title: Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 activation is required for long-term depression in medial prefrontal cortex and fear extinction.
  9. report we describe a novel neuroprotective function of mGlu3 receptors related to their ability to promote the non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP cleavage in astrocytes, thus enhancing sAPPalpha production
    Title: Astroglial mGlu3 receptors promote alpha-secretase-mediated amyloid precursor protein cleavage.
  10. Following activation of mGluR3 receptors in prefrontal cortex, sensory motor gating deficits were reversed.
    Title: Activation of mGluR2/3 receptors in the ventro-rostral prefrontal cortex reverses sensorimotor gating deficits induced by systemic NMDA receptor antagonists.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (44)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables calcium channel regulator activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables calcium channel regulator activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables scaffold protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in gene expression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within gene expression ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in sensory perception of pain TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in astrocyte projection IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in axon IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in axon IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in axon ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in dendritic spine IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in dendritic spine ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in glutamatergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in neuron projection ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in postsynaptic density IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in postsynaptic density ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in postsynaptic membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in postsynaptic membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in presynaptic membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in presynaptic membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
metabotropic glutamate receptor 3
Names
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001105712.1 → NP_001099182.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001099182.1

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    Source sequence(s)
    CH474013
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P31422
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6K223
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000007572.6, ENSRNOT00000007572.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086022.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    25319218..25600721
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_063285522.1 → XP_063141592.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X5

  2. XM_039107014.2 → XP_038962942.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X4

    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  3. XM_039107009.2 → XP_038962937.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6GM70
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  4. XM_039107010.2 → XP_038962938.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6GM70
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  5. XM_039107011.2 → XP_038962939.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6GM70
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  6. XM_039107012.2 → XP_038962940.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6GM70
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  7. XM_008762682.4 → XP_008760904.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_008760904.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6GM70
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000096683.1
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  8. XM_039107013.2 → XP_038962941.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2JV93
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000069396.1
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  9. XM_039107015.2 → XP_038962943.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X3

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P31422
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6K223
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd15448
    Location:575 → 828
    7tmC_mGluR3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
    cd06375
    Location:33 → 494
    PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor
    pfam07562
    Location:505 → 555
    NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

  10. XM_063285521.1 → XP_063141591.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X3

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P31422
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6K223
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P31422.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P31422

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