Acadm acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Acadmprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chainprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2012
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000009845 AllianceGenome:RGD:2012
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: MCAD
Summary: Enables several functions, including acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity; identical protein binding activity; and nucleotide binding activity. Involved in several processes, including fatty acid catabolic process; response to copper ion; and response to glucocorticoid. Located in mitochondrial matrix and mitochondrial membrane. Biomarker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Orthologous to human ACADM (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 2926.1), Muscle (RPKM 1889.4) and 6 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q45

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	2	NC_086020.1 (245518693..245542864, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	2	NC_051337.1 (242858865..242883036, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	2	NC_005101.4 (260124418..260148589, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_086020.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

piRNA-63076 contributes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation through acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.
Title: piRNA-63076 contributes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation through acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.
High fat diets increase the expression of fatty acid oxidation enzymes such as UCP3,PDK4, and MCAD concomitant with elevated plasma fatty acid levels and the induction of PGC-1 beta, but independent of changes in AMPK, p38, and PKA signaling.
Title: Interactions between the consumption of a high-fat diet and fasting in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation enzyme gene expression: an evaluation of potential mechanisms.
these data suggest that octanoic and decanoic acids impair brain mitochondrial energy homeostasis that could underlie at least in part the neuropathology of MCAD deficiency
Title: Evidence that the major metabolites accumulating in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency disturb mitochondrial energy homeostasis in rat brain.
Our present data show that the medium-chain fatty acids that most accumulate in MCAD deficiency cause oxidative stress in rat brain
Title: Medium-chain fatty acids accumulating in MCAD deficiency elicit lipid and protein oxidative damage and decrease non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in rat brain.
The mutation of this residue to Lys375 allows molecular oxygen to enter into the catalytic site serving as the electron acceptor for the reduced FAD cofactor.
Title: Mutation of Tyr375 to Lys375 allows medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase to acquire acyl-CoA oxidase activity.
The isomerase activity of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is probably a spontaneous process driven by thermodynamic equilibrium with the formation of a conjugated structure after deprotonation of substrate alpha proton.
Title: Intrinsic isomerase activity of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.
expression of rat mitochondrial medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase wild-type and Arg256 mutant proteins
Title: Expression and purification of His-tagged rat mitochondrial medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase wild-type and Arg256 mutant proteins.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH138389 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:220476

ACADM (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:266352

RH142291 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:231538

RH133158 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:216441

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables fatty-acyl-CoA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables isomerase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cardiac muscle cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cardiac muscle cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in carnitine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in carnitine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within carnitine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in carnitine metabolic process, CoA-linked	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in carnitine metabolic process, CoA-linked	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glycogen biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glycogen biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within heart development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in liver development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within liver development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in medium-chain fatty acid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within organic acid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in post-embryonic development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within post-embryonic development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of gluconeogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of gluconeogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to cold	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to cold	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to copper ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to glucocorticoid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hormone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to starvation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to starvation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in axon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in axon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrial matrix	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in mitochondrial membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrial membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

Names: Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, C-4 to C-12 straight-chain; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, C-4 to C-12 straight chain; acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, C-4 to C-12 straight chain; acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, medium chain; medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

NP_058682.2

EC 1.3.8.7

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_016986.2 → NP_058682.2 medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_058682.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BP502473, CK359511, J02791, JAXUCZ010000002

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P08503

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HWP6, G3V796

Related

ENSRNOP00000013238.1, ENSRNOT00000013238.4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd01157
Location:41 → 418

MCAD; Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

COG1960
Location:39 → 420

CaiA; Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase related to the alkylation response protein AidB [Lipid transport and metabolism]