Txnrd3 thioredoxin reductase 3 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Txnrd3provided by MGI
Official Full Name: thioredoxin reductase 3provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:2386711
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000000811 AllianceGenome:MGI:2386711
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: TGR; TR2
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes the third TrxR, which unlike the other two isozymes, contains an additional N-terminal glutaredoxin (Grx) domain, and shows highest expression in testis. The Grx domain allows this isozyme to participate in both Trx and glutathione systems. It functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. There is evidence for additional isoforms resulting from the use of a non-AUG (CUG), and an in-frame downstream AUG as translation initiation codons (PMID:20018845). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
Expression: Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 82.0), kidney adult (RPKM 6.4) and 4 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 6 D1; 6 40.01 cM

Exon count:: 16

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	6	NC_000072.7 (89620970..89652511)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	6	NC_000072.6 (89643988..89675529)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000072.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Decreased thioredoxin reductase 3 expression promotes nickel-induced damage to cardiac tissue via activating oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and inflammation.
Title: Decreased thioredoxin reductase 3 expression promotes nickel-induced damage to cardiac tissue via activating oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and inflammation.
Selenoprotein TXNRD3 supports male fertility via the redox regulation of spermatogenesis.
Title: Selenoprotein TXNRD3 supports male fertility via the redox regulation of spermatogenesis.
Thioredoxin reductase 3 suppression promotes colitis and carcinogenesis via activating pyroptosis and necrosis.
Title: Thioredoxin reductase 3 suppression promotes colitis and carcinogenesis via activating pyroptosis and necrosis.
Study shows that CUG codon is used as an inefficient start codon to generate protein Thioredoxin/glutathione reductase isoforms in mouse.
Title: CUG start codon generates thioredoxin/glutathione reductase isoforms in mouse testes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (2)
Targeted (1) 1 citation

General gene information

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Markers

AI196535 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:159541

Txnrd3 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:526001

Txnrd3 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:527594

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxidoreductase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info
enables thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within blastocyst formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell redox homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glutathione metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within spermatogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: thioredoxin reductase 3

Names: thioredoxin and glutathione reductase; thioredoxin reductase TR2

NP_001171529.1

EC 1.8.1.9

NP_001171530.1

EC 1.8.1.9

NP_001171531.1

EC 1.8.1.9

NP_694802.2

EC 1.8.1.9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001178058.1 → NP_001171529.1 thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001171529.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant and longer transcript. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (1, also known as TGR-L) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the CUG start codon; it is the longest isoform.

Source sequence(s)

AK041046, BC076605

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q99MD6, Q9CZE5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

G3X8P6

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd03419
Location:76 → 157

GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...

TIGR01438
Location:164 → 652

TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein

pfam00070
Location:347 → 421

Pyr_redox; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase

pfam02852
Location:524 → 634

Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
NM_001178059.1 → NP_001171530.1 thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 3

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks two consecutive in-frame coding exons compared to variant 1. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (3) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the CUG start codon. It lacks an internal protein segment compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK041046, AK134987

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

D3Z0H7

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd03419
Location:76 → 157

GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...

TIGR01438
Location:164 → 538

TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein

pfam02852
Location:410 → 520

Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
NM_001178060.1 → NP_001171531.1 thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 4

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks two consecutive in-frame coding exons compared to variant 1. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (4) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the AUG start codon. It has a shorter N-terminus and lacks an internal protein segment compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK041046, AK134987

Consensus CDS

CCDS57437.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

D3Z0H7

Related

ENSMUSP00000098730.3, ENSMUST00000101171.3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd03419
Location:39 → 120

GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...

TIGR01438
Location:127 → 501

TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein

pfam02852
Location:373 → 483

Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
NM_153162.3 → NP_694802.2 thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_694802.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant and longer transcript. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (2, also known as TGR) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the AUG start codon. It has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK041046, BC076605

Consensus CDS

CCDS57436.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

G3X8P6

Related

ENSMUSP00000000828.8, ENSMUST00000000828.14

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd03419
Location:39 → 120

GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...

TIGR01438
Location:127 → 615

TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein

pfam00070
Location:310 → 384

Pyr_redox; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase

pfam02852
Location:487 → 597

Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain