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CD55 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 1604, updated on 3-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
CD55provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:2665
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000196352 MIM:125240; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2665
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CR; TC; DAF; CROM; CHAPLE
Summary
This gene encodes a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Binding of the encoded protein to complement proteins accelerates their decay, thereby disrupting the cascade and preventing damage to host cells. Antigens present on this protein constitute the Cromer blood group system (CROM). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The predominant transcript variant encodes a membrane-bound protein, but alternatively spliced transcripts may produce soluble proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]
Expression
Broad expression in lung (RPKM 90.6), adrenal (RPKM 63.8) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Genomic context

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Location:
1q32.2
Exon count:
15
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (207321678..207360966)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (206586974..206626269)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (207495023..207534311)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985251 Neighboring gene C4BPA pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2942 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:207489929-207490758 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2440 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1770 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2441 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2442 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2443 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2444 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2445 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:207519691-207520191 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904498 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372880 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2446

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. The genetic and epigenetic regulation of CD55 and its pathway analysis in colon cancer. Liu J, et al. Front Immunol, 2022. PMID 36741376, Free PMC Article
  2. The active form of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin induces decay-accelerating factor CD55 in association with intestinal metaplasia in the human gastric mucosa. Kaneko K, et al. J Pathol, 2022 Oct. PMID 35851954, Free PMC Article
  3. CD55 is upregulated by cAMP/PKA/AKT and modulates human decidualization via Src and ERK pathway and decidualization-related genes. Tang Z, et al. Mol Reprod Dev, 2022 May. PMID 35474595
  4. Novel CD55 Mutation Associated With Severe Small Bowel Ulceration Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Pair of Siblings. Chongsrisawat V, et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis, 2022 Sep 1. PMID 35134932
  5. Complement Decay-Accelerating Factor is a modulator of influenza A virus lung immunopathology. Santos NB, et al. PLoS Pathog, 2021 Jul. PMID 34197564, Free PMC Article

See all (255) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Polycythemia as an Uncommon Finding in 2 Children, One With Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome and the Other With Protein-losing Enteropathy Caused by CD55 Deficiency.
    Title: Polycythemia as an Uncommon Finding in 2 Children, One With Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome and the Other With Protein-losing Enteropathy Caused by CD55 Deficiency.
  2. miR-132-3p regulates antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells by directly targeting CD55.
    Title: miR-132-3p regulates antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells by directly targeting CD55.
  3. The genetic and epigenetic regulation of CD55 and its pathway analysis in colon cancer.
    Title: The genetic and epigenetic regulation of CD55 and its pathway analysis in colon cancer.
  4. Novel CD55 Mutation Associated With Severe Small Bowel Ulceration Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Pair of Siblings.
    Title: Novel CD55 Mutation Associated With Severe Small Bowel Ulceration Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Pair of Siblings.
  5. The active form of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin induces decay-accelerating factor CD55 in association with intestinal metaplasia in the human gastric mucosa.
    Title: The active form of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin induces decay-accelerating factor CD55 in association with intestinal metaplasia in the human gastric mucosa.
  6. CD55 is upregulated by cAMP/PKA/AKT and modulates human decidualization via Src and ERK pathway and decidualization-related genes.
    Title: CD55 is upregulated by cAMP/PKA/AKT and modulates human decidualization via Src and ERK pathway and decidualization-related genes.
  7. Erythrocyte CD55 mediates the internalization of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
    Title: Erythrocyte CD55 mediates the internalization of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
  8. Structural basis for CD97 recognition of the decay-accelerating factor CD55 suggests mechanosensitive activation of adhesion GPCRs.
    Title: Structural basis for CD97 recognition of the decay-accelerating factor CD55 suggests mechanosensitive activation of adhesion GPCRs.
  9. Complement Decay-Accelerating Factor is a modulator of influenza A virus lung immunopathology.
    Title: Complement Decay-Accelerating Factor is a modulator of influenza A virus lung immunopathology.
  10. CORS (CROM20): A new high-prevalence antigen in the Cromer blood group system.
    Title: CORS (CROM20): A new high-prevalence antigen in the Cromer blood group system.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (156)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Cromer blood group system
MedGen: C1292305 OMIM: 613793 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs
Protein-losing enteropathy
MedGen: C0033680 OMIM: 226300 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
HIV-1 infection (VSV-G pseudotyped) of CEMT4 T cells downregulates plasma membrane expression of CD55 PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The complement regulatory proteins CD55 (DAF) and CD59 (HRF20) exist on HIV-1 virions, along with HIV-1 gp120 molecules, suggesting an interaction between these proteins and gp120 PubMed
env Inhibition of DAF or use of factor H depleted sera significantly increases C3 deposition on recombinant HIV-1 gp120 coated CD4 cells PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 Gag co-localizes with the lipid raft marker CD55 or the tetraspanin CD81 in HeLa P4-R5 cells PubMed
Pr55(Gag) gag HIV-1 Gag co-localizes with the lipid raft marker CD55 or the tetraspanin CD81 in HeLa P4-R5 cells PubMed
gag HIV-1 Gag recruits and traps CD9 to Gag assembly sites at the plasma membrane, which is dependent upon Gag polymerization and the presence of cholesterol PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables lipid binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables virus receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in complement activation, classical pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in innate immune response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of complement activation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of complement activation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell cytokine production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of complement activation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in respiratory burst NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in symbiont entry into host cell IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in cell surface IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in ficolin-1-rich granule membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in membrane raft IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in secretory granule membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in side of membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in transport vesicle TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
complement decay-accelerating factor
Names
CD55 antigen
CD55 molecule, decay accelerating factor for complement (Cromer blood group)
Cromer blood group antigen
Rh blood group D antigen

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_007465.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..44495
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_127

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000574.5 → NP_000565.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 1 preproprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000565.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1 (also known as gDAF), which is membrane-associated.
    Source sequence(s)
    AW316643, BC001288, DC386415, M31516
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS31006.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B1AP14, D3DT83, D3DT84, E7ER69, P08174, P09679, P78361, Q14UF2, Q14UF3, Q14UF4, Q14UF5, Q14UF6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A172WBW8
    Related
    ENSP00000356031.4, ENST00000367064.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00032
    Location:36 → 94
    CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
    cl27761
    Location:98 → 280
    CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system

  2. NM_001114752.3 → NP_001108224.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001108224.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2, also known as sDAF or soluble DAF) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AW316643, DC386415, M30142
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44307.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8Q3SI94
    Related
    ENSP00000316333.8, ENST00000314754.12
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd00033
    Location:225 → 284
    CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
    smart00032
    Location:36 → 94
    CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
    pfam00084
    Location:98 → 158
    Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
    pfam13900
    Location:365 → 400
    GVQW; Putative domain of unknown function

  3. NM_001300902.2 → NP_001287831.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 5 precursor

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) contains an alternate 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (5) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AF052110
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS73022.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8Q3SI51, B1AP13
    Related
    ENSP00000356030.2, ENST00000367063.6
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd00033
    Location:225 → 284
    CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
    smart00032
    Location:36 → 94
    CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
    pfam00084
    Location:98 → 158
    Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
    pfam13900
    Location:365 → 412
    GVQW; Putative domain of unknown function

  4. NM_001300903.2 → NP_001287832.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 6 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001287832.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (6, also known as vDAF1) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1. This isoform is likely soluble (PMID:16503113).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB240566, AL391597, AW316643, DC386415, M30142
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS86046.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8Q3SI94
    Related
    ENSP00000496251.1, ENST00000645323.1
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd00033
    Location:225 → 284
    CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
    smart00032
    Location:36 → 94
    CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
    pfam00084
    Location:98 → 158
    Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
    pfam13900
    Location:378 → 403
    GVQW; Putative domain of unknown function

  5. NM_001300904.2 → NP_001287833.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 7 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001287833.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (7) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (7, also known as vDAF3) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1. This isoform is likely soluble (PMID:16503113).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB240568, AW316643, DC386415, M30142
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS86047.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8Q3SI94
    Related
    ENSP00000495518.1, ENST00000644836.1
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00033
    Location:225 → 284
    CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
    smart00032
    Location:36 → 94
    CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
    pfam00084
    Location:98 → 158
    Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)

RNA

  1. NR_125349.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (8) contains an alternate internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB240567, AW316643, DC386415, M30142

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    207321678..207360966
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

RNA

  1. XR_007095644.1 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    206586974..206626269
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054334709.1 → XP_054190684.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform X1

  2. XM_054334710.1 → XP_054190685.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform X2

RNA

  1. XR_008485937.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_008485938.1 RNA Sequence

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_001114543.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_001114543.1: This RefSeq was temporarily suppressed because currently there is not sufficient data to support this transcript.

  2. NM_001114544.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_001114544.1: This RefSeq was temporarily suppressed because currently there is not sufficient data to support this transcript.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P08174.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P08174

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