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Gk glycerol kinase [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 14933, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Gkprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
glycerol kinaseprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:106594
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000025059 AllianceGenome:MGI:106594
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Gyk; D930012N15Rik
Summary
Enables glycerol kinase activity. Acts upstream of or within glucose homeostasis; glycerol metabolic process; and regulation of fatty acid metabolic process. Located in cytosol; mitochondrion; and nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; brown fat; genitourinary system; heart; and liver. Used to study glycerol kinase deficiency. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in glycerol kinase deficiency. Orthologous to human GK (glycerol kinase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Broad expression in kidney adult (RPKM 16.2), liver E18 (RPKM 11.4) and 17 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
X C1; X 39.32 cM
Exon count:
22
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) X NC_000086.8 (84745543..84820425, complement)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) X NC_000086.7 (85701937..85776819, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_000086.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ferritin, heavy polypeptide-like 17, member A Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_47493 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_47494 Neighboring gene TGF-beta activated kinase 1/MAP3K7 binding protein 3 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39523 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_47495 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_47496 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E8762 Neighboring gene replication protein A 14 kDa subunit pseudogene Neighboring gene mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM20 homolog pseudogene Neighboring gene TLR adaptor interacting with endolysosomal SLC15A4

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies biomarkers in glycerol kinase deficient mice. MacLennan NK, et al. Mol Genet Metab, 2009 Sep-Oct. PMID 19546021
  2. Glycerol kinase deficiency alters expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and insulin signaling. Rahib L, et al. Eur J Hum Genet, 2007 Jun. PMID 17406644
  3. Targeted disruption of glycerol kinase gene in mice: expression analysis in liver shows alterations in network partners related to glycerol kinase activity. MacLennan NK, et al. Hum Mol Genet, 2006 Feb 1. PMID 16368706
  4. Tissue-dependent alterations in lipid mass in mice lacking glycerol kinase. Golovko MY, et al. Lipids, 2005 Mar. PMID 15957255
  5. Deletion of pleiotrophin impairs glucose tolerance and liver metabolism in pregnant mice: Moonlighting role of glycerol kinase. Zapatería B, et al. FASEB J, 2021 Oct. PMID 34551152

See all (49) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Deletion of pleiotrophin impairs glucose tolerance and liver metabolism in pregnant mice: Moonlighting role of glycerol kinase.
    Title: Deletion of pleiotrophin impairs glucose tolerance and liver metabolism in pregnant mice: Moonlighting role of glycerol kinase.
  2. Glycerol kinase enhances hepatic lipid metabolism by repressing nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 in the nucleus.
    Title: Glycerol kinase enhances hepatic lipid metabolism by repressing nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 in the nucleus.
  3. Glycerol kinase stimulates uncoupling protein 1 expression by regulating fatty acid metabolism in beige adipocytes.
    Title: Glycerol kinase stimulates uncoupling protein 1 expression by regulating fatty acid metabolism in beige adipocytes.
  4. GK may have an apoptotic moonlighting role that is lost in glycerol kinase deficiency.
    Title: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies biomarkers in glycerol kinase deficient mice.
  5. Network component analysis demonstrated that transcription factors decreased in the Gyk KO mice.
    Title: Transcriptomic and network component analysis of glycerol kinase in skeletal muscle using a mouse model of glycerol kinase deficiency.
  6. Comparison of expression patterns, as well as enzymatic characteristics and subcellular localization of alternatively spliced glycerol kinase isoforms.
    Title: Human and murine glycerol kinase: influence of exon 18 alternative splicing on function.
  7. AQP7 disruption elevates adipose glycerol kinase activity, accelerates triglycerides synthesis in adipocytes, and, finally, develops obesity.
    Title: Aquaporin 7 deficiency is associated with development of obesity through activation of adipose glycerol kinase.
  8. PPAR-gamma, SREBP-1, SREBP-2, STAT3, STAT5, SP1, CEBPalpha, CREB, GR and PPAR-alpha have altered activity in glycerol kinase knockout mice.
    Title: Glycerol kinase deficiency alters expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and insulin signaling.
  9. Gyk deletion causes alterations in expression of genes in several regulatory networks; the first time network component analysis has been used to expand on microarray data from a mouse knockout model of a human disease
    Title: Targeted disruption of glycerol kinase gene in mice: expression analysis in liver shows alterations in network partners related to glycerol kinase activity.
  10. Gyk deficient mice show a change in phosphlipid and cholestesrol mass in several organs.
    Title: Tissue-dependent alterations in lipid mass in mice lacking glycerol kinase.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Targeted (1)  1 citation
  • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glycerol kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glycerol kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glycerol kinase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables glycerol kinase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables histone binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables nucleotide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in carbohydrate metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within glucose homeostasis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glycerol metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycerol metabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in glycerol metabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate biosynthetic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in phosphorylation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of fatty acid metabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to ethanol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in triglyceride biosynthetic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in triglyceride metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in triglyceride metabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 
is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
glycerol kinase
Names
ATP:glycerol 3-phosphotransferase
glycerokinase
NP_001281067.1
NP_001281069.1
NP_001317975.1
NP_032220.1
NP_997609.1
XP_006527892.1
XP_006527894.1
XP_006527896.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001294138.1 → NP_001281067.1  glycerol kinase isoform 3

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains one alternate exon and lacks two alternate exons in the coding region, but maintains the reading frame, compared to variant 4. The encoded isoform (3) is shorter than isoform 4.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK169424, AK169525, AL645567, BQ176629
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS81150.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B1ASZ3, Q3TET2
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000120754.2, ENSMUST00000142152.2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 541
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases
    TIGR01311
    Location:11 → 541
    glycerol_kin; glycerol kinase

  2. NM_001294140.1 → NP_001281069.1  glycerol kinase isoform 4

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001281069.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (4).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK044308, AK169424, AK169525, AL645567, AL672056, BQ176629
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS81149.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B1ASZ1, Q64516, Q8C2M1, Q8C8X0
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TEN9
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000109611.3, ENSMUST00000113978.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 519
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases
    TIGR01311
    Location:11 → 519
    glycerol_kin; glycerol kinase

  3. NM_001331046.1 → NP_001317975.1  glycerol kinase isoform 5

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, but maintains the reading frame, compared to variant 4. The encoded isoform (5) is shorter than isoform 4.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK169424, AK169525, BQ176629, CF535556
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TEN9

  4. NM_008194.3 → NP_032220.1  glycerol kinase isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032220.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) lacks two alternate in-frame exons in the coding region compared to variant 4. The encoded isoform (1) is shorter than isoform 4.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK169424, AK169525, AL672056, BQ176629
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS53126.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TEN9
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000026039.9, ENSMUST00000026039.15
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 513
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases
    TIGR01311
    Location:11 → 513
    glycerol_kin; glycerol kinase

  5. NM_212444.2 → NP_997609.1  glycerol kinase isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_997609.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the central coding region compared to variant 4. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 4.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL645567, AL672056
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS41050.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TEN9
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000119564.2, ENSMUST00000156390.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 513
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases
    TIGR01311
    Location:11 → 513
    glycerol_kin; glycerol kinase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000086.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    84745543..84820425 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006527831.3 → XP_006527894.1  glycerol kinase isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TET2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 541
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases

  2. XM_006527829.3 → XP_006527892.1  glycerol kinase isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TET2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 547
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases

  3. XM_006527833.4 → XP_006527896.1  glycerol kinase isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TET2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07792
    Location:11 → 547
    FGGY_GK1-3_metazoa; Metazoan glycerol kinase 1 and 3-like proteins; belongs to the FGGY family of carbohydrate kinases
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q64516.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q64516

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