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Gnal guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory type [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 14680, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Gnalprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory typeprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:95774
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000024524 AllianceGenome:MGI:95774
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Golf; Hg1o; Gna10; Galphaolf; 2610011C15Rik; 9630020G10Rik
Summary
Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor binding activity; G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding activity; and GTPase activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including activation of adenylate cyclase activity; adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway; and response to caffeine. Predicted to be part of heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Is expressed in nervous system; sensory organ; and spleen. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in dystonia 25. Orthologous to human GNAL (G protein subunit alpha L). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Broad expression in CNS E18 (RPKM 24.2), cortex adult (RPKM 22.2) and 15 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
18 E1; 18 39.85 cM
Exon count:
14
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 18 NC_000084.7 (67221369..67359863)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 18 NC_000084.6 (67088298..67226792)

Chromosome 18 - NC_000084.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44868 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44869 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 19784 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44870 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44871 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 57656 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 23512 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr18:67372131-67372603 Neighboring gene charged multivesicular body protein 1B Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E9173 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44880 Neighboring gene metallophosphoesterase 1 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E7602 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr18:67448542-67448843 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44887 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA B430212C06 gene Neighboring gene predicted gene, 30321 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10999 Neighboring gene inositol monophosphatase 2 Neighboring gene cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit-like effector A

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Functional abnormalities in the cerebello-thalamic pathways in a mouse model of DYT25 dystonia. Aïssa HB, et al. Elife, 2022 Jun 14. PMID 35699413, Free PMC Article
  2. Differential enhancement of ERK, PKA and Ca(2+) signaling in direct and indirect striatal neurons of Parkinsonian mice. Mariani LL, et al. Neurobiol Dis, 2019 Oct. PMID 31220556
  3. Gnal haploinsufficiency causes genomic instability and increased sensitivity to haloperidol. Khan MM, et al. Exp Neurol, 2019 Aug. PMID 31034808, Free PMC Article
  4. Heterozygous Gnal Mice Are a Novel Animal Model with Which to Study Dystonia Pathophysiology. Pelosi A, et al. J Neurosci, 2017 Jun 28. PMID 28546310, Free PMC Article
  5. Unitary response of mouse olfactory receptor neurons. Ben-Chaim Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2011 Jan 11. PMID 21187398, Free PMC Article

See all (67) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Golf protein expression in the olfactory cilia is promoted by LRBA protein.
    Title: The BEACH Protein LRBA Promotes the Localization of the Heterotrimeric G-protein G(olf) to Olfactory Cilia.
  2. In this study, we report that in the striatum AC5 exists in a stable pre-coupled complex with subunits of Golf heterotrimer.
    Title: Stable G protein-effector complexes in striatal neurons: mechanism of assembly and role in neurotransmitter signaling.
  3. results show a homeostatic, negative regulation of Galphaolf by dopamine and by D1R stimulation, which are also required for the striosomal Galphaolf pattern.
    Title: Dopaminergic regulation of olfactory type G-protein α subunit expression in the striatum.
  4. Data showed the presence mRNA of obligated downstream components of olfactory receptor signaling Adcy3 and Gnal in the cerebral cortex of the mouse.
    Title: Dysregulation of brain olfactory and taste receptors in AD, PSP and CJD, and AD-related model.
  5. This study demonistrated that Galphaolf upregulation in dyskinetic mice
    Title: Gα(olf) mutation allows parsing the role of cAMP-dependent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent signaling in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia.
  6. The absence of Rhes modulates cAMP/PKA signalling in both striatopallidal and striatonigral projection neurons by increasing Golf protein levels and, in turn, influencing motor responses challenged by dopaminergic agonist/antagonist.
    Title: The GTP-binding protein Rhes modulates dopamine signalling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
  7. findings suggest that type 5 adenylyl cyclase does not contribute to striatal cAMP signaling at birth. However, it may play an important role in developmental changes in the expression of Galphaolf, but not Galphas.
    Title: Disruption of type 5 adenylyl cyclase negates the developmental increase in Galphaolf expression in the striatum.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Targeted (1)  1 citation
  • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC90869, 2610011C15Rik, 9630020G10Rik

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables GTP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables GTPase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables GTPase activity ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
 PubMed 
enables guanyl nucleotide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables nucleotide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within activation of adenylate cyclase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to dopamine ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of long-term synaptic depression ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to amphetamine IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to caffeine IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within sensory perception of smell IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha
Names
G alpha 10
adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein, olfactory type
guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 10
heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1o

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_010307.3 → NP_034437.1  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034437.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the use of an alternate promoter, differs in the 5' UTR and initiates translation at an alternate start codon compared to variant 2. The encoded protein (isoform 1) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 2.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC140336, AK158831
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS29318.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TY78
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000075908.8, ENSMUST00000076605.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00066
    Location:43 → 375
    G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

  2. NM_177137.5 → NP_796111.2  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_796111.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (2).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC140336, AK035952, BC078439
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS29317.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TY78, Q66L47
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000025402.8, ENSMUST00000025402.15
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00066
    Location:110 → 442
    G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000084.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    67221369..67359863
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_030250337.2 → XP_030106197.1  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TY78
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00066
    Location:43 → 375
    G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

  2. XM_036160989.1 → XP_036016882.1  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TY78
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00066
    Location:43 → 375
    G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q8CGK7.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8CGK7

Gene LinkOut

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