Metadata4Ing: An ontology for describing the generation of research data within a scientific activity.
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Metadata4Ing: An ontology for describing the generation of research data within a scientific activity.

Release: 2022-02-22

Modified on: 2025-03-10
This version:
http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/1.3.1/
Previous version:
http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/1.3.0/
Revision:
v1.3.1
Issued on:
2025-03-10
Authors:
Metadata4Ing Workgroup
Contributors:
Dorothea Iglezakis, Universität Stuttgart
Giacomo Lanza, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Susanne Arndt, Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)
Marc Fuhrmans, Technische Universität Darmstadt
Džulia Terzijska, Technische Universität Braunschweig (TUBS)
Sophia Leimer, Universität Duisburg-Essen
Johannes Theissen-Lipp, RWTH Aachen University
Stephan Hachinger, Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ)
Johannes Munke, Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ)
Benjamin Farnbacher, Technische Universität München (TUM)
Vasiliki Sdralia, Technische Universität München (TUM)
Alexander Wellmann, Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ)
Publisher:
National Research Data Infrastructure for Engineering Sciences (NFDI4Ing)
Imported Ontologies:
biro
cr
dcat
dcc
dcterms
foaf
owl
prov
qudt
rdf
rdfs
schema
sio
skos
ssn
xsd
Extended Ontologies:
emmo
obo
pims-ii
si
Source:
https://doi.org/10.52825/CoRDI.v1i.271
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7362037
https://nfdi4ing.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Programmheft-NFDI4Ing-Community-Meeting.pdf#page=6
Funder:
https://ror.org/018mejw64
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Evaluation:
Evaluate with OOPS!
Cite as:
Metadata4Ing Workgroup (2025). Metadata4Ing: An ontology for describing the generation of research data within a scientific activity. v1.3.1. http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/1.3.1 [ttl, jsonld, nt, rdf/xml].
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5957103
Vocabulary maintained at:
https://git.rwth-aachen.de/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/metadata4ing/
Provenance of this page
active

Abstract

The ontology Metadata4Ing provides a framework for the semantic description of research data and of the whole data generation process, embracing the object of investigation, all sample and data manipulation methods and tools, the data files themselves, and the roles of persons and institutions. The structure and application of the ontology are based on the principles of modularity and inheritance.

Table of contents

Introduction back to ToC

Motivation

The ontology Metadata4Ing provides a generic framework for a complete semantic description of a process for the generation of scientific data, with a particular focus on engineering sciences and neighbouring disciplines. It covers the description of the object of investigation; all sample and data manipulation procedures (generation, selection, analysis, combination); a summary of the data files and the information contained; the connection to involved persons and institutions (with specific roles) and to other related objects like projects and publications.

The ontology Metadata4Ing is developed by the homonymous workgroup (special interest subgroup) of the NFDI Consortium for Engineering Sciences (NFDI4Ing) and it evolves continuously thanks to a fruitful exchange with different potential user groups, including the archetypes of the same consortium.

Usage

The ontology Metadata4Ing is a collection of terms (classes and properties) which can be used to enrich a research data set with semantic and machine-readable metadata, in order to annotate it or to integrate it in a database or a larger knowledge graph. The metadata can be serialized in formats like JSON-LD, YAML-LD or Turtle. More details about these semantic formats and detailed instructions how to semantically describe a data set and its generation process are collected in our First Steps Guide, together with practical examples.

Design

The collected classes and properties are organised in a logical and hierarchical structure and either self-defined within Metadata4Ing, or reused from other ontologies. Subordinate classes and relations can be built according to the two principles of inheritance and modularity. Inheritance means that a subclass inherits all properties of its superordinate class, possibly adding some new ones. Modularity means that all expansions are independent of each other; this makes possible for instance to generate expanded ontologies for any possible combinations of method × object of research. New concepts and properties are located in the namespace of Metadata4Ing (m4i:).

Metadata4Ing does not import complete ontologies for the sake of relevance, readability, understandability and usability by and for engineers. Instead, it references single existing classes and properties on which the m4i classes and properties are based, including either their identifiers or a relevant subset of the axioms from the original ontology. Whenever the original set of statements about an entity needed to be extended or modified (e.g. because labels and definitions in any of the supported languages were missing, or expressed with a different owl:AnnotationProperty than the rest of Metadata4Ing), the corresponding editorial changes were declared in Metadata4Ing by an annotation with skos:editorialNote at item-level. To get the original set of statements we encourage to visit the original namespace of the respective item.

General structure of an ontology

Metadata4ing models a part of the world by introducing classes and properties. A class stands for a group of individuals that all share some common properties. A subclass stands for a subset of this group. For example, the class method stands for the concept of a scientific method in general; microscopy could be a subclass of method representing all microscopy methods and coherent anti-Stokes Raman microscopy is an instance of these classes, i.e. a named individual belonging to the class method and the subclass microscopy. At present the only individuals includes are instances of role in the research data management process, which are taken from the DataCite Metadata Schema, v4.4 and following.

Building blocks of an ontology on the example of tools, instruments and methods

Properties that are attributes of a class are called datatype properties. For instance, a processing step has the following datatype properties: start time, end time, usage instruction. The range of a property defines the data type of a property. A usage instruction can for example have the range literal, a start time the range date with time*. A property's domain lists the classes that have this property as an attribute.

Relations between classes that can be used to interlink instances of these classes are called object properties. A tool implements a method, so "implements" is an object property with domain tool and range method.

This documentation lists all the classes, datatype properties, object properties and individuals that are defined by m4i or reused from other ontologies.

For further informations, please have a look at our First steps guide.

Namespace declarations

Table 1: Namespaces used in the document
bibo<http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/>
biro<http://purl.org/spar/biro/>
cr<http://mlcommons.org/croissant/>
dcat<http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#>
dcc<https://ptb.de/dcc/>
dcterms<http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
doap<http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#>
emmo<http://emmo.info/emmo#>
foaf<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
gnd<http://d-nb.info/gnd/>
m4i<http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#>
metadata4ing<https://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/>
mod<https://w3id.org/mod#>
obo<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/>
orcid<https://orcid.org/>
orcid5<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6272-204>
orcid6<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9826-018>
owl<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
pims-ii<http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#>
premis<http://www.loc.gov/premis/rdf/v3/>
prov<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#>
qudt<http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/>
rdf<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
rdfs<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
ror<https://ror.org/>
ror1<https://ror.org/05558>
ror2<https://ror.org/04>
ror3<https://ror.org/05>
ror4<https://ror.org/02>
ror7<https://ror.org/010>
schema<https://schema.org/>
si<https://ptb.de/si/>
sio<http://semanticscience.org/resource/>
skos<http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
ssn<http://www.w3.org/ns/ssn/>
vann<http://purl.org/vocab/vann/>
voaf<http://purl.org/vocommons/voaf#>
xml<http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
xsd<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

Metadata4Ing: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties. The standard view shows all the classes and properties meant to model scientific processes with m4i. To see also parent elements introduced for interoperability, choose expert view.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Named Individuals

Metadata4Ing: Description back to ToC

General process model

One of the main goals of the Metadata4Ing ontology is to enable researchers to document the provenance of data and material objects created or modified during research processes. Metadata4Ing accomplishes this with the help of a generalized process model, centered around the class processing step. The aforementioned data and material objects are described as output of the processing step. Other relevant information like, e.g., the methods or tools used in a research process, are described in separate classes that can be linked to processing step. A series of processing steps can be used to represent complex research processes (cf. Section "Specifying complex setups and processes by using composition"). Metadata4Ing can therefore be seen as a system of building blocks that can be referred to by processing step and in their totality enable a complete description of the provenance of a dataset or material object.

Overview of the central classes and their connections

Processing step as central element

The central class of Metadata4Ing is processing step, which can be used to describe all kinds of processes and does not distinguish between different types of processing steps. The pattern formed by processing step and its admissible object properties is therefore considered universal for all kinds of processes. A distinction between processes is achieved by adding further information as described in the following subsections.

Specifying in- and output

One of the major roles of processing step is to connect data and material objects to the processing step they were created in or modified by. It is usually good practice to treat modified datasets and material objects as newly created instances of their respective classes instead of reusing the original instance with altered attributes. This may seem unintuitive, especially for material objects that continue to exist after modification; but it is necessary, to be able to unambiguously refer to each "state" of modified entities. Each state may have been the subject of investigation or the in- or output in previous processing steps and therefore needs to persist as an unaltered node in the knowledge graph. For processing steps representing modifications of entities, the state before the modification would therefore be specified via has input, whereas the resulting modified state of entity would be modelled as a new instance that is specified via has output.

Has input can also be used to indicate other things that acted as input in a processing step, e.g. chemical substances or datasets (cf. Section "Specifying datasets"). Both has input and has output can refer to all kinds of entites, regardless of whether they are material (e.g. physical objects) or immaterial (e.g. datasets). Note, however, that has input should not be used for specifying tools used in a processing step or the investigated object (e.g. for a measurement), both of which can be indicated with more specific properties described in the next subsections (cf. has employed tool and investigates).

Specifying the investigated object and property

Many processes (e.g. measurements or simulations) performed during research aim to investigate an object. In Metadata4Ing, this object of investigation can be specified with the investigates property, by which an arbitrary entity (both material and immaterial) can be connected to a processing step. In addition to the object itself, a specific property that is investigated (e.g. temperature, pressure) can be specified via investigates property.

Specifying employed tools and methods

Another essential element for documenting a process is information on what has been done. For this, Metadata4Ing includes the classes method and tool. Method describes the method that has been realized in the processing step (e.g. heating, numerical simulation) along with relevant parameters and can be added to the processing step via the realizes method property. In a similar fashion, tool is used to describe a tool used to perform the processing step (e.g. water bath, simulation software) and can be linked to the processing step via the has employed tool property.

In addition, Metadata4Ing includes the implements property that can be used to indicate that a specific tool implements a certain method, as well as the inverse relation implemented by. It is recommended that at least two sides of the information triangle formed by realizes method, has employed tool and implements are included when documenting a processing step.

Depending on the granularity of the processing step described, multiple methods and tools may be added to a single processing step (cf. Section "Specifying complex setups and processes by using composition").

Specifying parameters

For both method and tool, relevant parameters (e.g. duration for the method "heating" or temperature for the tool "water bath") can be specified as individuals of the class variable, connected by the has parameter property. For further information on the description of variables, cf. Section "Representation of variables".

Specifying persons and projects

Any person can most prominently be identified via an ORCID ID, but also via characteristics like first name, last name, personal mailbox, or title. A person typically is affiliated to an organization, which in turn can be identified via a ROR ID.

An organization may conduct research projects. These projects may be funded by other organizations. A research project is usually limited in time and has a specific start date and end date. It usually has a unique project ID, especially when it is funded by third parties like the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). A project usually has several project participants which are organizations. A processing step may be part of such a research project.

A particular processing step can involve as participants one or more agents (e.g. people, organizations, software agents). With more detail, it can be said that the processing step involves the agents with a particular role (e.g. data collector).

The overall connection between these classes can be summarized as shown in the next figure.

Participation in processing steps

Specifying complex setups and processes by using composition

Oftentimes, a process performed during research consists of several substeps performed in sequence or parallel, or a tool consists of multiple components (e.g. a hardware assembly). In Metadata4Ing, these situations can be described via composition. A complex processing step and its substeps can both be modelled as instances of processing step, and the substeps can be declared as such by giving them the part of property pointing to the instance of the complex processing step. With the properties starts with, ends with and precedes, an ordering of steps is possible. In a similar fashion, part of can be used to combine components into a multi-component tool, all of which can be modelled as instances of tool.

Using isStepInAction to describe substeps of a processing step

Since each substep in the composed step can be given all attributes of a processing step (including investigates, has employed tool, has input and has output), it becomes possible to provide a detailled description, including relations between the in- and output of specific components and substeps of a complex setup.

Using composition to describe complex setups and processes

Specifying parameters by variables

A building element in all quantitative sciences is the concept of variable. A variable can be assigned a value (numerical, literal or logical) and can be attributed to a research object (as an intrinsic property), to a process (as technical parameter, independent regulated variable or result) or to the content of a dataset. Thus, a variable is the result of evalutating an expression, in both the mathematical and computer-science meaning of the word. A method or a tool can refer to a variable as its parameter; a processing step can investigate it. Each variable can be explained by a description, be denoted by a symbol and get assigned a value. We distinguish two subtypes of variables: text variables and numerical variables.

A text variable has a string value, while a numerical variable has a single numerical value or multiple numerical values represented by a minimum value, a maximum value and a step size.

For numerical variables further specifications can be made: A numerical variable is associated to a defined kind of quantity and its value should be expressed using the corresponding unit. Both the kinds of quantity and the units are to a large extent normed within well-established vocabularies (SI reference point, ISO 80000, IEC Common Data Directory, QUDT, EMMO); therefore we strongly recommend to refer to them via a persistent URI to the corresponding vocabulary entry from QUDT, that is, with a child of qudt:QuantityKind or a child of qudt:Unit, respectively. Additionaly, a numerical variable can have a an uncertainty declaration, in the form of either a coverage interval or an expanded uncertainty containing the uncertainty value, a coverage factor, the coverage probability and optionally the underlying statistical distribution.

Darstellung numerischer Variablen

Specifying datasets and related publications

Research data can be the output or input of a processing step in form of one or several file objects or a of similar files in a directory or a a container denoted as a file set. Additional technical information about a file object can be its name, its content size or a SHA256 checksum. The content and structure of such a data file can be further specified by a record set of fields that represent variables. See the specification of Croissant for more information.

If a set of file objects is published in a data repository, then the entry in the repository is called a published dataset, and possesses an identifier and a landing page. In this case, the content URL of a file object refers to the download link of this file object. See the documentation of DCAT for more information about datasets.

Datasets and their relations

The data acquired during research activities may become part of an analysis and a concluding interpretation. Traditionally, these activities are summed up in monographs or journal articles. Scientific publications and their metadata are fortunately online and persistently identified these days, their metadata provided as a bibliographic record. A dataset can be related to another publication in both directions: either it references a bibliographic record, or it is referenced by one.

Cross-reference for Metadata4Ing classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by Metadata4Ing.

The standard view shows all the classes and properties meant to model scientific processes with m4i. To see also parent elements introduced for interoperability, choose expert view.

Classes

agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Agent

An agent is something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, added german definition, added instances
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
has sub-classes
organization c, person c, software agent c
is in range of
has agent op, has participant op

assignmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#Assignment

Assignment, i.e., a data item by which a value is assigned to a variable with respect to a particular referent (e.g., T = 200 K for substance o as it was measured in a particular cognitive step); therein, T is the variable, related to the assignment by m4i:hasVariable, 200 K is the value, related to the assignment by m4i:hasValue, and o is the referent, related to the assignment by isAssignmentFor

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
intangible c
has sub-classes
numerical assignment c
is in domain of
has assigned value op, has assignment timestamp dp, has date assignment created dp, has date assignment deleted dp, has date assignment modified dp, has date assignment valid from dp, has date assignment valid until dp, has variable op, is assignment for op
is in range of
has runtime assignment op, is value in assignment op, is variable in assignment op

associationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Association

An instance of prov:Association provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAssociatedWith relation from an prov:Activity to some prov:Agent that had some responsiblity for it. For example, :baking prov:wasAssociatedWith :baker; prov:qualifiedssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :baker; :foo :bar ].

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
is in domain of
had role op
is in range of
qualified association op

bibliographic recordc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/biro/BibliographicRecord

A record that uniquely describes a particular textual or data publication (or a work in preparation for publication). Each bibliographic record is a set of entities describing aspects of the referenced work, including, for example, but not restricted to: authors, title, journal, publication year, DOI, ISSN, publisher and copyright information, or, in the case of a data publication: creators, title, version, archive, publication year, DOI or other identifier). The FRBR expression of a bibliographic record is a bibliographic reference, which usually contains only a sub-set of these entities, ordered in a particular way that corresponds to the house style of the publication in which it occurs.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel

coverage intervalc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/CoverageInterval

Structure for stating a probabilistic-symmetric coverage interval for a real uncertainty, to be applied to an si:Real quantity value

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has super-classes
uncertainty declaration c
is in domain of
has interval maximum dp, has interval minimum dp, has standard uncertainty dp
is in range of
has coverage interval op

datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Dataset

A collection of data, published or curated by a single source, and available for access or download in one or more representations.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
is equivalent to
Dataset c
has sub-classes
dataset series c
is in domain of
has distribution op, in series op

dataset seriesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#DatasetSeries

A collection of datasets that are published separately, but share some common characteristics that groups them.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, extracted from DCAT3-Documentation https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/#Class:Dataset_Series
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has super-classes
dataset c
is in range of
in series op

distributionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Distribution

A specific representation of a dataset. A dataset might be available in multiple serializations that may differ in various ways, including natural language, media-type or format, schematic organization, temporal and spatial resolution, level of detail or profiles (which might specify any or all of the above).

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
is in domain of
compression format op, download URL op, file size (in bytes) dp, media type op, packaging format op
is in range of
has distribution op
has members
ontology.jsonld ni, ontology.nt ni, ontology.ttl ni, ontology.xml ni

expanded uncertaintyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/ExpandedUnc

Structure for stating an expanded measurement, model, or simulation uncertainty, e.g., to be applied to an si:Real quantity value

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has super-classes
uncertainty declaration c
is in domain of
has coverage factor dp, has uncertainty dp
is in range of
has expanded uncertainty op

Fieldc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://mlcommons.org/croissant/Field

A component of the structure of a RecordSet, such as a column of a table.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel and skos:definition
has super-classes
intangible c
is in domain of
represents variable op
is in range of
field op

file objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://mlcommons.org/croissant/FileObject

An individual file that is part of a dataset.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
Creative Work c

file setc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://mlcommons.org/croissant/FileSet

A set of homogeneous files extracted from a container, optionally filtered by inclusion and/or exclusion filters.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
intangible c

Groupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Group

DEPRECATED A class of Agents.

Is deprecated
true
has super-classes
Agent c

methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Method

Abstract description of a method for analysis, generation and transformation of data and material objects like, e.g., 'Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy' or 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation'. Note that while values for relevant parameters should be provided, m4i:Method does not refer to the actual execution of the process that is described (use m4i:ProcessingStep for that), but rather a description of the underlying principle.

has super-classes
realizable entity c
is in domain of
has parameter op, implemented by op
is in range of
implements op, realizes method op

numerical assignmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#NumericalAssignment

Assignment by which a variable (e.g., a physical property) is assigned an si:Real quantity value (scalar x measurement unit) in some context (e.g., applied to some object of research)

has super-classes
assignment c

numerical variablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#NumericalVariable

A variable that expects a float or integer as a value

has super-classes
variable c
has sub-classes
real c
is in domain of
has admissible unit op, has coverage interval op, has expanded uncertainty op, has kind of quantity op, has maximum value dp, has minimum value dp, has numerical value dp, has step size dp, has uncertainty declaration op, has unit op
is in range of
is admissible unit for op

organizationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Organization

An organization is a social or legal institution such as a company, society, etc.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, added german definition, added instances
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
has super-classes
agent c
is in domain of
associated to project op, has ROR ID dp
is in range of
project participant op

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Person

Person agents are people.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, added german definition, added instances
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
has super-classes
agent c
is in domain of
associated to project op, has ORCID ID dp
is in range of
project participant op

processing stepc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#ProcessingStep

Specific action undertaken during research

has super-classes
activity c
is in domain of
end time dp, ends with op, has employed tool op, has runtime assignment op, investigates op, investigates property op, realizes method op, start time dp, starts with op, usage instruction dp
is in range of
ends with op, is employed tool op, starts with op

projectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/Project

An enterprise (potentially individual but typically collaborative), planned to achieve a particular aim

editorial note
changed by m4i: added German definition, added language tag to English definition, shortened definition
changed by m4i: use of skos:prefLabel instead of rdfs:label, added German label, added language tag to English label, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has sub-classes
research project c
is in domain of
has project ID dp, project end date dp, project participant op, project start date dp
is in range of
associated to project op

propertyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#Property

Property, i.e., a variable that can be considered (as an investigated property, i.e., target property) within a processing step

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
variable c
is in range of
investigates property op

quantity kindc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/QuantityKind

A Quantity Kind is any observable property that can be measured and quantified numerically. Familiar examples include physical properties such as length, mass, time, force, energy, power, electric charge, etc. Less familiar examples include currency, interest rate, price to earning ratio, and information capacity.

Kind of quantity, i.e., a physical/chemical quantity from a controlled vocabulary, such as QUDT, IEC, or EMMO

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
intangible c
is in domain of
has admissible unit op
is in range of
has kind of quantity op, is admissible unit for op

quantity valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#QuantityValue

Quantity value, i.e., a value that has a numerical magnitude and a physical unit

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
value c

realc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/Real

(Real value +- uncertainty) x measurement unit, i.e., a scalar value with a measurement unit and an uncertainty indication

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has super-classes
numerical variable c

record setc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://mlcommons.org/croissant/RecordSet

A description of a set of structured records from one or more data sources and their structure, expressed as a set of fields.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel and skos:definition, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
intangible c
is in domain of
field op

research projectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/ResearchProject

A research project

editorial note
changed by m4i: added German definition, added language tag to English definition
changed by m4i: changed label to "research project" (no CamelCase)
changed by m4i: use of skos:prefLabel instead of rdfs:label, added German label, added language tag to English label
has super-classes
project c

rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Role

A role is the function of an entity or agent with respect to an activity, in the context of a usage, generation, invalidation, association, start, and end.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, added german definition, added instances, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
has members
contact person ni, data collector ni, data curator ni, data manager ni, distributor ni, editor ni, hosting institution ni, other person ni, producer ni, project leader ni, project manager ni, project member ni, registration agency ni, registration authority ni, related person ni, research group ni, researcher ni, rights holder ni, sponsor ni, supervisor ni, work package leader ni

software agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent

A software agent is running software.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, added german definition, added instances
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
has super-classes
agent c

text variablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#TextVariable

A variable that expects a string of characters as a value

has super-classes
variable c
is in domain of
has string value dp

toolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Tool

Object that helps an agent perform an action (e.g., John wrote a book with a pen), i.e., an object of the relation schema:instrument or m4i:hasTool

is in domain of
has parameter op, implements op, is employed tool op
is in range of
has employed tool op, implemented by op

uncertainty declarationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#UncertaintyDeclaration

Declaration that can be applied to an si:Real quantity value to give an assessment of uncertainty

has super-classes
intangible c
has sub-classes
coverage interval c, expanded uncertainty c
is in domain of
has coverage probability dp, has statistical distribution dp
is in range of
has uncertainty declaration op

unitc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/Unit

A unit of measure, or unit is a particular quantity value that has been chosen as a scale for measuring other quantities the same kind (more generally of equivalent dimension). For example, the meter is a quantity of length that has been rigorously defined and standardized by the BIPM (International Board of Weights and Measures). Any measurement of the length can be expressed as a number multiplied by the unit meter. More formally, the value of physical quanitity Q with respect to a unit (U) is expressed as the scalar multiple of a real number (n) and U, as Q = nU.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added German label, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
intangible c
is in domain of
is admissible unit for op
is in range of
has admissible unit op, has unit op

valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#Value

Value, i.e., an articulation that is by social convention understood to be potentially assignable to a variable

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has super-classes
intangible c
has sub-classes
quantity value c
is in domain of
is admissible value for op, is value in assignment op
is in range of
has admissible value op, has assigned value op

variablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#Variable

Variable, i.e., a conventional that is employed for something to which values can be assigned (this may include different notations for the same variable including, e.g., computational representations); this is to be understood very generally, e.g., a variable may be an array or set of elements or have another kind of internal structure

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
is equivalent to
inverse is admissible value for op some value c
has super-classes
intangible c
has sub-classes
numerical variable c, property c, text variable c
is in domain of
has admissible value op, has symbol dp, has value dp, has variable description dp, is variable in assignment op
is in range of
has parameter op, has variable op, is admissible value for op, represents variable op

Object Properties

associated to projectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#inProject

A property that connects a person or an organization with a project.

has domain
organization c or person c
has range
project c
is inverse of
project participant op

compression formatop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#compressFormat

The compression format of the distribution in which the data is contained in a compressed form, e.g. to reduce the size of the downloadable file.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has domain
distribution c

download URLop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#downloadURL

The URL of the downloadable file in a given format. E.g. CSV file or RDF file. The format is indicated by the distribution's dcterms:format and/or dcat:mediaType.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
has domain
distribution c

ends withop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002230

x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel

has characteristics: transitive

has super-properties
has part op
has domain
processing step c
has range
processing step c

fieldop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://mlcommons.org/croissant/field

A data element that appears in the records of the RecordSet (e.g., one column of a table).

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel and skos:definition, added german labels, removed schema:rangeIncludes and schema:domainIncludes properties
has domain
record set c
has range
Field c

had roleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadRole

prov:hadRole references the Role (i.e. the function of an entity with respect to an activity)

editorial note
changed by m4i: exchanged original rdfs:label by skos:prefLabel, added german label, simplified definition, simplified rdfs:domain to prov:Association
has domain
association c
is inverse of
was role in op

has admissible unitop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasAdmissibleUnit

redundant information: applicable unit can be deduced from quantity kind. If one wants to enforce the use of a specific unit, use a SHACL constraint.

DEPRECATED (x hasAdmissibleUnit y) means that y is a unit that can be associated with the variable x

Is deprecated
true
has domain
quantity kind c or numerical variable c
has range
unit c
is inverse of
is admissible unit for op

has admissible valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasAdmissibleValue

(x hasAdmissibleValue y) means that y is a value that can be assigned to the variable x

has domain
variable c
has range
value c
is inverse of
is admissible value for op

has agentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#agent

The prov:agent property is used to reference an agent that had a role in an activity.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german label, added skos:prefLabel
changed by m4i: simplified definition
has range
agent c

has assigned valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasAssignedValue

(a hasAssignedValue y) means that a: x = y is an assignment where the value y is assigned to a variable x

has domain
assignment c
has range
value c
is inverse of
is value in assignment op

has coverage intervalop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasCoverageInterval

Associates an si:Real quantity value with an si:CoverageInterval

has super-properties
has uncertainty declaration op
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
coverage interval c

has distributionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#distribution

An available distribution of the dataset.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has domain
dataset c
has range
distribution c

has employed toolop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasEmployedTool

Points to a tool that is used within a given processing step

has super-properties
uses instrument op
has domain
processing step c
has range
tool c
is inverse of
is employed tool op

has expanded uncertaintyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasExpandedUnc

Relates an si:Real to its expanded uncertainty

has super-properties
has uncertainty declaration op
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
expanded uncertainty c

has inputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233

(x has input y) means x takes specific input as y for further processes

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
has super-properties
has participant op
is inverse of
input of op

has kind of quantityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasKindOfQuantity

Points to the property characterization (i.e., to the kind of quantity) from a controlled vocabulary

has domain
numerical variable c
has range
quantity kind c

has outputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234

(x has output y) means x provides specific output y for the result or further processes

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
has super-properties
has participant op
is inverse of
output of op

has parameterop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasParameter

Points to a parameter of a given method or tool.

has domain
method c or tool c
has range
variable c

has partop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051

a core relation that holds between a whole and its part

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition

has characteristics: transitive

has sub-properties
ends with op, starts with op
is inverse of
part of op

has participantop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057

a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process

editorial note
changed by m4i: added a property chain axiom for use with prov:qualifiedAssociation
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition
has sub-properties
has input op, has output op, has runtime assignment op, uses instrument op
is inverse of
participates in op
has sub-property chains
qualified association op o has agent op

has participantop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith

property between some activity and an agent involved in that activity

editorial note
changed by m4i: exchanged original rdfs:label by skos:prefLabel, moved original rdfs:label to skos:altLabel, added German skos:preflabel; added own skos:definition
has domain
activity c
has range
agent c
is inverse of
participates in op
has sub-property chains
qualified association op o has agent op

has propertyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/ssn/hasProperty

Relation between an entity and a Property of that entity.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/ssn/
is inverse of
is property of op

has runtime assignmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasRuntimeAssignment

Points to an assignment that is neither input nor output

has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
processing step c
has range
assignment c

has uncertainty declarationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasUncertaintyDeclaration

Associates an si:Real quantity value with its mandatory uncertainty declaration (i.e., with an expanded uncertainty or a coverage interval)

has sub-properties
has coverage interval op, has expanded uncertainty op
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
uncertainty declaration c

has unitop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasUnit

Represents the unit of a numerical (real) value

has domain
numerical variable c
has range
unit c

has variableop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasVariable

( a hasVariable x ) means that a: x = y is an assignment where the value y is assigned to a variable x

has domain
assignment c
has range
variable c
is inverse of
is variable in assignment op

immediately precedesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002090

X immediately precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
has super-properties
precedes op
has domain
process c
has range
process c

implemented byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#implementedByTool

Points to a tool that implements a given method

has super-properties
implemented by op
has domain
method c
has range
tool c
is inverse of
implements op

implementsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#implementsMethod

Points to a method that is implemented by a given tool

has super-properties
implements op
has domain
tool c
has range
method c
is inverse of
implemented by op

in seriesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#inSeries

Normally, child datasets in dataset series are represented as dcat:Dataset. The use of dcat:Distribution for typing child datasets is however recognized as a possible alternative, whenever it addresses more effectively the requirements of a given application scenario.

A dataset series of which the dataset is part.

editorial note
changed by m4i: changed subproperty relation from DCTerms to OBO_000050 added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, extracted from DCAT3-Documentation https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/#Class:Dataset_Series
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has super-properties
part of op
has domain
dataset c
has range
dataset series c

input ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002352

(x input of y) means x is a specific input of y to carry out further processes

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
has super-properties
participates in op
is inverse of
has input op

investigatesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#investigates

(x investigates y) means that x is about y, in the context of scientific research and development

has sub-properties
investigates property op
has domain
processing step c
has range
Thing c

investigates propertyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#investigatesProperty

(x investigatesProperty y) means that x is about target property y, in the context of scientific research and development

has super-properties
investigates op
has domain
processing step c
has range
property c

is admissible unit forop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#isAdmissibleUnitFor

redundant information: admissible unit can be deduced from quantity kind. If one wants to enforce the use of a specific unit, use a SHACL contraint.

DEPRECATED (x isAdmissibleUnitFor y) means that x is a unit that can be associated with the variable y; subsumption under msHPIPIR is explained as follows: There is a sign z for the variable y (where z is a description of admissible values of y) of which x is constitutive (and with which x hence overlaps)

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
Is deprecated
true
has domain
unit c
has range
quantity kind c or numerical variable c
is inverse of
has admissible unit op

is admissible value forop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#isAdmissibleValueFor

(x isAdmissibleValueFor y) means that x is a value that can be assigned to the variable y; subsumption under msIPIRIR is explained as follows: There is a sign z for the variable y (where z is the range of admissible values of y), for which in turn there is another sign z' (where z' lists members of z, explicitly including x) of which x is a part

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has domain
value c
has range
variable c
is inverse of
has admissible value op

is assignment forop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#isAssignmentFor

(o isAssignment for d) means that d: x = y is an assignment that refers to o; e.g., x may be temperature, y may be a temperature value, and o may be an object of which the temperature has been measured or some other context to which the assignment refers

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has domain
assignment c

is employed toolop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#isEmployedToolIn

Points to a processing step the tool has been used in

has domain
tool c
has range
processing step c
is inverse of
has employed tool op

is property ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/ssn/isPropertyOf

Relation between a Property and the entity it belongs to.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
is inverse of
has property op

is related toop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000001

A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
has sub-properties
refers to op

is value in assignmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#isValueInAssignment

(y isValueInAssignment a) means that a: x = y is an assignment where the value y is assigned to a variable x

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has domain
value c
has range
assignment c
is inverse of
has assigned value op

is variable in assignmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.molmod.info/semantics/pims-ii.ttl#isVariableInAssignment

(x isVariableInAssignment a) means that a: x = y is an assignment where a value y is assigned to the variable x

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, adjusted german labels, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has domain
variable c
has range
assignment c
is inverse of
has variable op

media typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#mediaType

The media type of the distribution as defined by IANA.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has domain
distribution c

output ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353

(x output of y) means x is the specific output of y as the result or further processes

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel
has super-properties
participates in op
is inverse of
has output op

packaging formatop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#packageFormat

The package format of the distribution in which one or more data files are grouped together, e.g. to enable a set of related files to be downloaded together.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has domain
distribution c

part ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050

a core relation that holds between a part and its whole

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition

has characteristics: transitive

has sub-properties
in series op
is inverse of
has part op

participates inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056

a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
changed by m4i: copied obo:IAO_0000115 to a skos:definition
has sub-properties
input of op, output of op
is inverse of
has participant op

participates inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociateFor

property between an agent and an activity with which the agent was associated with or participates in

editorial note
changed by m4i: exchanged original rdfs:label by skos:prefLabel, added German skos:preflabel; added own skos:definition
is inverse of
has participant op

personal mailboxop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox

A personal mailbox, ie. an Internet mailbox associated with exactly one owner, the first owner of this mailbox. This is a 'static inverse functional property', in that there is (across time and change) at most one individual that ever has any particular value for foaf:mbox.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
Is defined by
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/

has characteristics: inverse functional

has range
Thing c

precedesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063

x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.

has characteristics: transitive

has sub-properties
immediately precedes op
has domain
process c
has range
process c

project participantop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#projectParticipant

A property that connects a project with a person or an organisation.

has domain
project c
has range
organization c or person c
is inverse of
associated to project op

qualified associationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation

Allows to specify more information (e.g. a role) about an association between an agent (e.g. a person) and an Activity (e.g. a processing step).

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german label, added skos:prefLabel, added skos:definition, skos:example and skos:note
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
Example 
Example application in m4i:
:SomeProcess
    a m4i:ProcessingStep; 
    obo:RO_0000057 :SomePerson;
    prov:qualifiedAssociation [
        a prov:Association;
        prov:agent   :SomePerson;
        prov:hadRole :SomeRole;
        rdfs:comment ":SomePerson had the :SomeRole in this :SomeProcess"@en
    ] ; 
                          skos:prefLabel "has qualified association"@en , 
                                         "hat qualifizierte Beziehung"@de .

The direct relation between an activity and an agent expressed with 'has participant' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 or http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith) does not give details about the agent's role in that activity. Using the property prov:qualifiedAssociation one can point to a blank node (cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blank_node) containing additional information about the participation relation.
has domain
activity c
has range
association c

realized inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000054

Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/
has domain
realizable entity c
has range
process c
is inverse of
realizes op

realizesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000055

Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/
has sub-properties
realizes method op
has domain
process c
has range
realizable entity c
is inverse of
realized in op

realizes methodop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#realizesMethod

Points to a method that is used within a given processing step

has super-properties
realizes op
has domain
processing step c
has range
method c

refers toop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000628

refers to is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
has super-properties
is related to op
has sub-properties
represents op

representsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000210

A represents B when A serves as a sign, symbol or model of B.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels
has super-properties
refers to op
has sub-properties
represents variable op

represents variableop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#representsVariable

Points to a variable that is represented through a field within a recordset

has super-properties
represents op
has domain
Field c
has range
variable c

sourceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://mlcommons.org/croissant/source

The data source of the field. This will generally reference a FileObject or FileSet's contents (e.g., a specific column of a table).

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel and skos:definition, added german labels, removed schema:rangeIncludes and schema:domainIncludes properties

starts withop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002224

x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel

has characteristics: transitive

has super-properties
has part op
has domain
processing step c
has range
processing step c

uses instrumentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/instrument

points to an object that helped the agent perform the action (e.g., John wrote a book with a pen)

editorial note
changed by m4i: added different skos:prefLabel, added german label
changed by m4i: domain changed to prov:Activity from schema:Action
has super-properties
has participant op
has sub-properties
has employed tool op
has domain
activity c

was role inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRoleIn

prov:wasRoleIn references the association (e.g. between an agent and an activity) in which a role shall be defined. Inverse property of prov:hadRole.

editorial note
changed by m4i: exchanged original rdfs:label by skos:prefLabel, added german label, added skos:definition, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
is inverse of
had role op

Data Properties

end timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/endTime

The endTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to end. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. e.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the end of a clip within a larger file.

Note that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
Is defined by
https://schema.org/
has domain
processing step c
has range
date with time ep

file size (in bytes)dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#byteSize

The size of a distribution in bytes.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition
Is defined by
http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
has domain
distribution c

first namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/firstName

The first name of a person.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
has range
Literal

has assignment timestampdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasAssignmentTimestamp

Points to a timestamp associated with an assignment; there are multiple kinds of timestamp datatype properties, which are included here from schema.org

has super-properties
has timestamp dp
has sub-properties
has date assignment created dp, has date assignment deleted dp, has date assignment modified dp, has date assignment valid from dp, has date assignment valid until dp
has domain
assignment c
has range
date with time ep

has coverage factordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasCoverageFactor

points to the coverage factor, i.e., to a factor (greater than or equal to unity) by which the expanded uncertainty relates to the standard uncertainty

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
expanded uncertainty c
has range

has coverage probabilitydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasCoverageProbability

points to the probability (between 0 and 1) ascribed to the event of the actual value falling within the range asserted by the given uncertainty declaration

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
uncertainty declaration c
has range

has date assignment createddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasDateAssignmentCreated

Points to a date(time) of creation of an assignment

has super-properties
has assignment timestamp dp
has domain
assignment c
has range
date with time ep

has date assignment deleteddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasDateAssignmentDeleted

Points to a date(time) of deletion of an assignment

has super-properties
has assignment timestamp dp
has domain
assignment c
has range
date with time ep

has date assignment modifieddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasDateAssignmentModified

Points to a date(time) of modification of an assignment

has super-properties
has assignment timestamp dp
has domain
assignment c
has range
date with time ep

has date assignment valid fromdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasDateAssignmentValidFrom

Points to a date(time) at which the validity of an assignment begins

has super-properties
has assignment timestamp dp
has domain
assignment c
has range
date with time ep

has date assignment valid untildp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasDateAssignmentValidUntil

Points to a date(time) at which the validity of an assignment ends

has super-properties
has assignment timestamp dp
has domain
assignment c
has range
date with time ep

has identifierdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#identifier

A systematically built alphanumeric string that identifies a unique object (e.g. a person, a publication, an organisation, a research activity, a sample, etc.) or a unique class of objects.

has sub-properties
has ORCID ID dp, has ROR ID dp, has project ID dp
has domain
Thing c
has range
string

has interval maximumdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasIntervalMax

upper boundary of the coverage interval

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
coverage interval c
has range
decimal

has interval minimumdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasIntervalMin

lower boundary of the coverage interval

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
coverage interval c
has range
decimal

has maximum valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasMaximumValue

Represents the highest value of a multi-valued variable

has super-properties
has value dp
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
decimal or formula ep

has minimum valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasMinimumValue

Represents the lowest value of a multi-valued variable

has super-properties
has value dp
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
decimal or formula ep

has numerical valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasNumericalValue

Represents the numerical value of a real

has super-properties
has value dp
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
decimal or formula ep

has ORCID IDdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#orcidId

Open Researcher and Contributor ID: an identifier, that allows unique identification of a person, usually active in research.

has super-properties
has identifier dp
has domain
person c
has range

has project IDdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#projectReferenceID

An alphanumeric identifier for a project. We recommend using an identifier which is understandable outside the involved institutions and possibly resolvable and persistent, such as the Research Activity Identifier (RAiD) or a funder-given ID (see for example the DFG project database or the EU project database).

has super-properties
has identifier dp
has domain
project c
has range
string

has ROR IDdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasRorId

A Research Organization Registry identifier that persistently and uniquely identifies a research organization

has super-properties
has identifier dp
has domain
organization c
has range

has standard uncertaintydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasStandardUnc

The standard measurement uncertainty is the measurement uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
coverage interval c
has range

has statistical distributiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasDistribution

points to a descriptor/label of the assumed underlying distribution

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
uncertainty declaration c
has range
string

has step sizedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasStepSize

Describes the spacing of a multi-valued variable

has super-properties
has value dp
has domain
numerical variable c
has range
decimal or formula ep

has string valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasStringValue

A character string of any length

has super-properties
has value dp
has domain
text variable c
has range
string

has symboldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasSymbol

Letter or string that denotes a variable

has domain
variable c
has range
string

has timestampdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/temporal

The 'temporal' property can be used in cases where more specific properties (e.g., dateCreated, dateModified, datePublished) are not known to be appropriate

editorial note
changed by m4i: added different skos:prefLabel, added german label
has sub-properties
has assignment timestamp dp
has range
date with time ep

has uncertaintydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://ptb.de/si/hasUncertainty

absolute magnitude of the indicated uncertainty

editorial note
changed by m4i: harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated), added skos:prefLabel
has domain
expanded uncertainty c
has range

has valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasValue

A value of any type

has sub-properties
has maximum value dp, has minimum value dp, has numerical value dp, has step size dp, has string value dp
has domain
variable c

has variable descriptiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#hasVariableDescription

Textual and human readable description of a variable in a research context

has domain
variable c
has range
string

last namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/lastName

The last name of a person.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel
has range
Literal

project end datedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#endOfProject

end date of a project

has domain
project c
has range
date

project start datedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#startOfProject

start date of a project

has domain
project c
has range
date

salutationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/title

Title (Mr, Mrs, Ms, Dr. etc)

editorial note
changed by m4i: added german labels, added skos:prefLabel, defined rdfs:domain and rdfs:range
has range
Literal

spatial resolution (in metres)dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#spatialResolutionInMeters

Minimum spatial separation resolvable in a dataset, measured in metres.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition, adjusted spelling conform to SI
has range
decimal

start timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/startTime

The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. e.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the start of a clip within a larger file.

Note that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label
Is defined by
https://schema.org/
has domain
processing step c
has range
date with time ep

temporal resolutiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#temporalResolution

Minimum time period resolvable in a dataset.

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german labels, removed redundant notes, removed other languages than english in comment, label, changeNote and definition, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
has range
duration

usage instructiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#UsageInstruction

Textual description of a processing step within a research process to enable or facilitate its reproducibility

has domain
processing step c
has range
Literal or string

Named Individuals

contact personni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#ContactPerson

Person with knowledge of how to access, troubleshoot, or otherwise field issues related to the resource

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person with knowledge of how to access, troubleshoot, or otherwise field issues related to the resource"@en
pref Label ap "Kontaktperson"@de
pref Label ap "contact person"@en
scope Note ap "May also be the "Point of Contact" in an organisation that controls access to the resource, if that organisation is different from the Publisher, Distributor, and Data Manager."@en

data collectorni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#DataCollector

Person/institution responsible for finding or gathering/collecting data under the guidelines of the author(s) or Principal Investigator (PI)

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person/institution responsible for finding or gathering/collecting data under the guidelines of the author(s) or Principal Investigator (PI)"@en
pref Label ap "Datenerfasser*in"@de
pref Label ap "data collector"@en
scope Note ap "May also be used when crediting survey conductors, interviewers, event or condition observers, or persons responsible for monitoring key instrument data."@en

data curatorni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#DataCurator

Person tasked with reviewing, enhancing, cleaning, or standardizing metadata and the associated data submitted for storage, use, and maintenance within a data centre or repository

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person tasked with reviewing, enhancing, cleaning, or standardizing metadata and the associated data submitted for storage, use, and maintenance within a data centre or repository"@en
pref Label ap "Datenkurator*in"@de
pref Label ap "data curator"@en
scope Note ap "While the DataManager is concerned with digital maintenance, the DataCurator's role encompasses quality assurance focused on content and metadata. DataCurator responsibilities include: checking completeness of the submitted dataset against the content as described by the submitter; verifying standard metadata according to the applicable system or schema; adding or verifying specialized metadata to add value and ensure access across disciplines; and determining how the metadata might map to search engines, database products, and automated feeds. Repository managers as well as data librarians working in the repository fall within this category. Example: https://doi.org/10.20375/0000-000D-1D1F-2"@en

data managerni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#DataManager

Person (or organisation with a staff of data managers, such as a data centre) responsible for maintaining the finished resource

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person (or organisation with a staff of data managers, such as a data centre) responsible for maintaining the finished resource"@en
pref Label ap "Datenverwalter*in"@de
pref Label ap "data manager"@en
scope Note ap "The work done by this person or organisation ensures that the resource is periodically "refreshed" in terms of software/hardware support, is kept available or is protected from unauthorized access, is stored in accordance with industry standards, and is handled in accordance with the records management requirements applicable to it. Example: https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/41b3ed2e152e1e4c3846e646118208e7"@en

distributorni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Distributor

Institution tasked with responsibility to generate/disseminate copies of the resource in either electronic or print form

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Institution tasked with responsibility to generate/disseminate copies of the resource in either electronic or print form"@en
pref Label ap "Anbieter*in"@de
pref Label ap "distributor"@en
scope Note ap "Works stored in more than one archive/repository may credit each as a distributor."@en

editorni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Editor

A person who oversees the details related to the publication format of the resource

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "A person who oversees the details related to the publication format of the resource"@en
pref Label ap "Herausgeber*in"@de
pref Label ap "editor"@en
scope Note ap "Note: if the Editor is to be credited in place of multiple creators, the Editor's name may be supplied as Creator, with "(Ed.)" appended to the name."@en

hosting institutionni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#HostingInstitution

Typically, the organisation allowing the resource to be available on the internet through the provision of its hardware/software/operating support

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Typically, the organisation allowing the resource to be available on the internet through the provision of its hardware/software/operating support"@en
pref Label ap "bereitstellende Institution"@de
pref Label ap "hosting institution"@en
scope Note ap "This role normally falls on the University, research center or organization where the data center/data repository belongs. EXAMPLE: Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) May also be used for an organisation that stores the data offline-often a data centre if that data centre is not the "publisher" of the resource."@en

Metadata4Ingni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#

has facts
has distribution op ontology.jsonld ni
has distribution op ontology.nt ni
has distribution op ontology.ttl ni
has distribution op ontology.xml ni

other personni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Other

Any person or institution making a significant contribution to the development and/or maintenance of the resource, but whose contribution is notadequately described by any of the other values for contributorType

editorial note
changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)
belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Any person or institution making a significant contribution to the development and/or maintenance of the resource, but whose contribution is notadequately described by any of the other values for contributorType"@en
editorial Note ap "changed by m4i: added skos:prefLabel, added german label, harmonized spelling to OBO naming conventions (lower case, space separated)"@en
pref Label ap "other person"@en
pref Label ap "weitere Person"@de
scope Note ap "Could be a photographer, artist, or writer whose contribution helped to publicize the resource (as opposed to creating it), a reviewer of the resource, someone providing administrative services to the author (such as depositing updates into an online repository, analysing usage, etc.), or one of many other roles."@en

producerni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Producer

Typically,a person or organisation responsible for the artistry and form of a media product

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Typically,a person or organisation responsible for the artistry and form of a media product"@en
pref Label ap "Produzent*in"@de
pref Label ap "producer"@en
scope Note ap "In the data industry, this may be a company "producing" DVDs that package data for future dissemination by a distributor."@en

project leaderni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#ProjectLeader

Person officially designated as head of project team or sub-project team instrumental in the work necessary to development of the resource

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person officially designated as head of project team or sub-project team instrumental in the work necessary to development of the resource"@en
pref Label ap "Projektleiter*in"@de
pref Label ap "project leader"@en
scope Note ap "The Project Leader is not "removed" from the work that resulted in the resource; he or she remains intimately involved"@en

project managerni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#ProjectManager

Person officially designated as manager of a project. Project may consist of one or many project teams and sub-teams.

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person officially designated as manager of a project. Project may consist of one or many project teams and sub-teams."@en
pref Label ap "Projektmanager*in"@de
pref Label ap "project manager"@en
scope Note ap "The manager of a project normally has more administrative responsibility than actual work involvement."@en

project memberni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#ProjectMember

Person on the membership list of a designated project/project team

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person on the membership list of a designated project/project team"@en
pref Label ap "Projektmitglied"@de
pref Label ap "project member"@en
scope Note ap "This vocabulary may or may not indicate the quality, quantity, or substance of the person's involvement."@en

registration agencyni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#RegistrationAgency

Institution/organisation officially appointed by a Registration Authority to handle specific tasks within a defined area of responsibility

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Institution/organisation officially appointed by a Registration Authority to handle specific tasks within a defined area of responsibility"@en
pref Label ap "Registrierungsstelle"@de
pref Label ap "registration agency"@en
scope Note ap "DataCite is a Registration Agency for the International DOI Foundation (IDF). One of DataCite’s tasks is to assign DOI prefixes to the allocating agents who then assign the full, specific character string to data clients, provide metadata back to the DataCite registry, etc."@en

registration authorityni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#RegistrationAuthority

A standards-setting body from which Registration Agencies obtain official recognition and guidance

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "A standards-setting body from which Registration Agencies obtain official recognition and guidance"@en
pref Label ap "Registrierungsbehörde"@de
pref Label ap "registration authority"@en
scope Note ap "The IDF serves as the Registration Authority for the International Standards Organisation (ISO) in the area/domain of Digital Object Identifiers."@en

related personni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#RelatedPerson

A person without a specifically defined role in the development of the resource, but who is someone the author wishes to recognize

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "A person without a specifically defined role in the development of the resource, but who is someone the author wishes to recognize"@en
pref Label ap "related person"@en
pref Label ap "zugehörige Person"@de
scope Note ap "This person could be an author's intellectual mentor, a person providing intellectual leadership in the discipline or subject domain, etc."@en

research groupni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#ResearchGroup

Typically refers to a group of individuals with a lab, department, or divisionthathas a specifically defined focus of activity.

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Typically refers to a group of individuals with a lab, department, or divisionthathas a specifically defined focus of activity."@en
pref Label ap "Forschungsgruppe"@de
pref Label ap "research group"@en
scope Note ap "May operate at a narrower level of scope; may or may not hold less administrative responsibility than a project team. Example: Space Research & Planetary Sciences Division of the University of Bern (WP Unibe) Source: https://doi.org/10.26302/SSHADE/EXPERIMENT_OP_20201104_001"@en

researcherni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Researcher

A person involved in analysing data or the results of an experiment or formal study. May indicate an intern or assistant to one of the authors who helped with research but who was not so “key” as to be listed as an author.

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "A person involved in analysing data or the results of an experiment or formal study. May indicate an intern or assistant to one of the authors who helped with research but who was not so “key” as to be listed as an author."@en
pref Label ap "Rechercheur*in"@de
pref Label ap "researcher"@en
scope Note ap "Should be a person, not an institution. Note that a person involved in the gathering of data would fall under the contributorType "DataCollector." The researcher may find additional data online and correlate it to the data collected for the experiment or study, for example."@en

rights holderni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#RightsHolder

Person or institution owning or managing property rights, including intellectual property rights over the resource

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Person or institution owning or managing property rights, including intellectual property rights over the resource"@en
pref Label ap "Rechteinhaber*in"@de
pref Label ap "rights holder"@en

supervisorni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#Supervisor

Designated administrator over one or more groups/teams working to produce a resource, or over one or more steps of a development process

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "Designated administrator over one or more groups/teams working to produce a resource, or over one or more steps of a development process"@en
pref Label ap "Betreuer*in"@de
pref Label ap "supervisor"@en

work package leaderni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#WorkPackageLeader

A Work Package is a recognized data product, not all of which is included in publication. The package, instead, may include notes, discarded documents, etc. The Work Package Leader is responsible for ensuring the comprehensive contents, versioning, and availability of the Work Package during the development of the resource.

belongs to
role c
has facts
definition ap "A Work Package is a recognized data product, not all of which is included in publication. The package, instead, may include notes, discarded documents, etc. The Work Package Leader is responsible for ensuring the comprehensive contents, versioning, and availability of the Work Package during the development of the resource."@en
pref Label ap "Arbeitspaketleiter*in"@de
pref Label ap "work package leader"@en

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties
ni: Named Individuals
ep: External Properties

References back to ToC

DataCite Metadata Working Group. (2024). DataCite Metadata Schema for the Publication and Citation of Research Data and Other Research Outputs. Version 4.6. https://doi.org/10.14454/csba-e454

Iglezakis, Dorothea; Terzijska, Džulia; Arndt, Susanne; Leimer, Sophia; Hickmann, Johanna; Fuhrmans, Marc; Lanza, Giacomo (2023). Modelling Scientific Processes With the m4i Ontology. Proceedings of the Conference on Research Data Infrastructure, 1. https://doi.org/10.52825/cordi.v1i.271

Preuß, Nils; Bodenbenner, Matthias, Heinrichs, Benedikt; Windeck, Jürgen; Moser, Mario; Fuhrmans, Marc (2023). Creating application-specific metadata profiles while improving interoperability and consistency of research data for the engineering sciences. Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt. https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00024573

Horsch, Martin Thomas (2021). Mereosemiotics: Five scenarios (first revised version). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4846313

Fuhrmans, Marc; Iglezakis, Dorothea (2020). Metadata4Ing: Ansatz zur Modellierung interoperabler Metadaten für die Ingenieurwissenschaften. Interoperabilität von Metadaten innerhalb der NFDI - Konsortienübergreifender Metadaten-Workshop. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3982367

Hutzschenreuter, Daniel et al (2020). SmartCom Digital System of Units (D-SI): Guide for the use of the metadata-format used in metrology for the easy-to-use, safe, harmonised and unambiguous digital transfer of metrological data - Second Edition (D-SI 1.3.0-2). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816686

Schembera, Björn; Iglezakis, Dorothea (2020). EngMeta - Metadata for Computational Engineering. International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies, 14, 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMSO.2020.107792

Reused Ontologies:

Changes from last version

Classes

Deleted classes

Object Properties

Modified object properties

Data Properties

Modified data properties
  • http://w3id.org/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing#projectReferenceID
    • Added: "An alphanumeric identifier for a project. We recommend using an identifier which is understandable outside the involved institutions and possibly resolvable and persistent, such as the [Research Activity Identifier (RAiD)](https://raid.org/) or a funder-given ID (see for example the [DFG project database](https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/OCTOPUS) or the [EU project database](https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-results))."@en
    • Added: "Eine alphanumerische ID zur Referenzierung eines Projekts. Wir empfehlen die Nutzung einer auch außerhalb der teilnehmenden Institutionen verständlichen ID, am besten persistent und mit einem Resolving-System verknüpft, wie bspw. die [Research Activity Identifier (RAiD)](https://raid.org/) oder eine von einem Förderer zugewiesene ID (siehe bspw. die [DFG-Projektendatenbank](https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/OCTOPUS) oder die [EU-Projektendatenbank](https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-results))."@de
    • Deleted: "Eine alphanumerische ID zur Referenzierung eines Projekts."@de
    • Deleted: "An alphanumeric identifier for a project."@en

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.

The authors would like to thank the Federal Government and the Heads of Government of the Länder, as well as the Joint Science Conference (GWK), for their funding and support within the framework of the NFDI4Ing consortium, which was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under the project number 442146713.