{"prefix":"vo","name":"Vaccine Ontology","description":"The Vaccine Ontology (VO) is a community-based biomedical ontology in the domain of vaccine and vaccination. VO aims to standardize vaccine types and annotations, integrate various vaccine data, and support computer-assisted reasoning. The VO supports basic vaccine R&D and clinical vaccine usage. VO is being developed as a community-based ontology with support and collaborations from the vaccine and bio-ontology communities.","pattern":"^\\d{7}$","uri_format":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VO_$1","rdf_uri_format":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VO_$1","providers":[{"code":"bio2rdf","name":"Bio2RDF","description":"Bio2RDF is an open-source project that uses Semantic Web technologies to build and provide the largest network of Linked Data for the Life Sciences. Bio2RDF defines a set of simple conventions to create RDF(S) compatible Linked Data from a diverse set of heterogeneously formatted sources obtained from multiple data providers.","homepage":"https://bio2rdf.org","uri_format":"http://bio2rdf.org/vo:$1"}],"homepage":"https://violinet.org/vaccineontology","repository":"https://github.com/vaccineontology/VO","contact":{"name":"Yongqunh He","orcid":"0000-0001-9189-9661","email":"yongqunh@med.umich.edu","github":"yongqunh"},"example":"0000093","example_extras":[],"license":"CC-BY-4.0","version":"2026-03-06","download_owl":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/vo.owl","deprecated":false,"mappings":{"aberowl":"VO","biocontext":"VO","bioportal":"VO","fairsharing":"FAIRsharing.zwtww5","obofoundry":"vo","ols":"vo","ontobee":"VO","prefixcommons":"vo","wikidata":"P1928","wikidata.entity":"Q55118646"},"synonyms":[],"keywords":["biological_process","biomedical science","clinical studies","immunology","infection process","infectious disease medicine","obo","ontology","pathobiochemistry","pathogen","preclinical studies","small molecule","vaccination","vaccine"],"publications":[{"pubmed":"33238868","doi":"10.2174/1381612826666201125112131","title":"Ontology-based Precision Vaccinology for Deep Mechanism Understanding and Precision Vaccine Development","year":2021},{"pubmed":"24209834","doi":"10.1186/2041-1480-4-33","title":"Network-based analysis of vaccine-related associations reveals consistent knowledge with the vaccine ontology","year":2013},{"pubmed":"23256535","doi":"10.1186/2041-1480-3-17","pmc":"PMC3639077","title":"Ontology representation and analysis of vaccine formulation and administration and their effects on vaccine immune responses","year":2012},{"pubmed":"21871085","doi":"10.1038/npre.2009.3553","title":"VO: Vaccine Ontology","year":2010},{"pubmed":"21624163","doi":"10.1186/2041-1480-2-s2-s8","pmc":"PMC3102897","title":"Mining of vaccine-associated IFN-γ gene interaction networks using the Vaccine Ontology","year":2011},{"pubmed":"20875156","doi":"10.1186/1745-7580-6-s1-s5","pmc":"PMC2946783","title":"Bioinformatics analysis of Brucella vaccines and vaccine targets using VIOLIN","year":2010},{"doi":"10.1101/2025.08.12.669998","title":"VO: The Vaccine Ontology","year":2025}],"appears_in":["scdo"],"depends_on":[],"namespace_in_lui":false,"preferred_prefix":"VO","logo":"https://api.fairsharing.org/rails/active_storage/blobs/redirect/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsibWVzc2FnZSI6IkJBaHBBck1IIiwiZXhwIjpudWxsLCJwdXIiOiJibG9iX2lkIn19--bcbea6b26f9bd1db48d5f256c3d75bedd6fc2332/Screenshot%20From%202026-01-26%2011-30-20.png?disposition=inline"}